The location and distribution of the calcium-binding protein calbindin-D28k (CB) has been considered to be of great value as a neuronal marker for identifying distinct brain regions and discrete neuronal populations. In the amygdaloid complex (AC), the balance of excitatory and inhibitory inputs is controlled by CB immunoreactive interneurons. Alterations of inhibitory mechanisms in the AC may play a role in the emotional symptomatology of neurological diseases like Alzheimer's and psychiatric disorders like posttraumatic stress disorder. The present investigation examined the distribution and morphology of CB-containing neurons, neuropils and fibers in marmoset monkey ACs by using immunohistochemical and morphometrical methods. We recognized four types of CB cells in the AC: type 1 (multipolar), type 2 (spherical or bipolar), type 3 (pyramidal) and type 4 (halo cells), a cell type specific to the marmoset located in the basal and central nuclei. We detected CB cells in all nuclei and areas of the AC, where most of the cells were present in the deep nuclei (lateral, basal, accessory basal and paralaminar). In the superficial nuclei (the nucleus of the lateral olfactory tract, medial nucleus, periamygdaloid cortex and cortical nuclei), the CB cells were abundant in layers 2 and 3. The intercalated nuclei contained small densely packed cells. The CB neuropils were particularly dense in layer 1 of the superficial nuclei, in the deep nuclei and in the amygdalohippocampal area. Large CB immunoreactive neurons in the white matter and fibers with varicosities were found in the myelin tracts that surrounded the AC. These findings are the first step in determining whether some of these cells are specifically disrupted in pathological states.

中文翻译：

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狨猴（callithrix jacchus）杏仁核复合体中钙结合蛋白神经元的分布和形态

钙结合蛋白钙结合蛋白-D28k (CB) 的位置和分布被认为是具有重要价值的神经元标记物，用于识别不同的大脑区域和离散的神经元群。在杏仁核复合体 (AC) 中，兴奋性和抑制性输入的平衡由 CB 免疫反应中间神经元控制。AC 中抑制机制的改变可能在神经系统疾病（如阿尔茨海默氏症）和精神疾病（如创伤后应激障碍）的情绪症状中发挥作用。本研究使用免疫组织化学和形态计量学方法检查了狨猴 ACs 中含 CB 的神经元、神经纤维和纤维的分布和形态。我们在 AC 中识别出四种类型的 CB 细胞：1 型（多极）、2 型（球形或双极）、3 型（锥体）和 4 型（晕细胞），一种特定于位于基底和中央核中的狨猴的细胞类型。我们在 AC 的所有细胞核和区域中检测到 CB 细胞，其中大部分细胞存在于深部细胞核（外侧、基底、辅助基底和层旁）中。在浅表核（外侧嗅束核、内侧核、杏仁核周围皮层和皮质核）中，CB 细胞在第 2 层和第 3 层中丰富。嵌入的细胞核包含小的密集堆积的细胞。CB 神经纤维在浅核的第 1 层、深核和杏仁核海马区特别密集。在围绕 AC 的髓鞘束中发现了白质中的大 CB 免疫反应神经元和具有静脉曲张的纤维。