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Modeling Atlantic herring fisheries as multiscalar human-natural systems
Fisheries Research ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-31 , DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2020.105855
Andrew K. Carlson , Daniel I. Rubenstein , Simon A. Levin

Fisheries contribute to food and nutrition security, livelihoods, and poverty alleviation for billions of people globally. However, human-environmental interactions in fisheries are rarely assessed locally, regionally, and globally at the same time, limiting social-ecological resilience in fisheries management. We evaluated worldwide catches of a keystone forage fish (Atlantic herring, Clupea harengus) over 65 years (1950–2014); modeled local, regional, and global interactions among industrial, artisanal, subsistence, and recreational fishing sectors; and predicted future catches using a multifaceted and multilayered human-nature coupling framework for assessing social-ecological interactions within and across adjacent and distant fisheries (termed “metacouplings”). Across 17 exclusive economic zones (EEZs), catches by nations in their own EEZs (7.1 × 107 metric tons [MT]) outweighed those in adjacent EEZs (5.3 × 107 MT). However, adjacent-EEZ fishing was the largest-tonnage fishing type in more EEZs (53 %), reflecting the proximity of Northern/Western European fishing nations and regulations conducive to fishing in neighboring waters. Catches in distant (non-adjacent) EEZs were relatively small (1.2 × 107 MT). Fishing-sector interactions were generally positive but notably negative for artisanal fishing, which declined with increasing industrial and recreational catches in five EEZs (29 %). Combined with projected declines in artisanal and subsistence catches in parts of Germany, Norway, and Sweden, metacoupling interactions could elicit harmful financial, food-supply, and food/nutrition security outcomes for small-scale fishers if metacouplings remain absent from management programs. However, quantitative and conceptual tools developed herein enable fisheries managers to identify where, when, and how to maximize positive and minimize negative metacoupling interactions and thereby ensure continued ecological, economic, nutritional, and sociocultural benefits for fisheries stakeholders, locally to globally.



中文翻译:

将大西洋鲱鱼渔业建模为多尺度人为自然系统

渔业为全球数十亿人的粮食和营养安全,生计和减贫做出了贡献。但是,很少在地方,区域和全球同时评估渔业中人与环境的相互作用,从而限制了渔业管理中的社会生态适应力。我们评估了全球主要捕食性鱼类的捕捞量(大西洋鲱鱼,Clupea harengus)超过65年(1950年至2014年);模拟工业,个体,生计和休闲捕鱼部门之间的本地,区域和全球互动;并使用多层面和多层次的人与自然的耦合框架来预测未来的捕捞量,以评估相邻和远距离渔业内部和之间的社会生态互动(称为“成对耦合”)。在17个专属经济区(EEZ)中,国家在自己专属经济区(7.1×10 7公吨[MT])的捕捞量超过相邻专属经济区(5.3×10 7公吨)。然而,在更多的专属经济区中,相邻的EEZ捕捞是最大吨位的捕捞类型(53%),这反映了北欧/西欧捕捞国家的距离以及有利于在相邻水域捕捞的法规。遥远(非相邻)专属经济区的渔获量相对较小(1.2×10 7公吨)。捕捞部门之间的互动总体上是积极的,但对手工捕捞则特别不利,随着五个专属经济区(29%)的工业和休闲捕捞量的增加而下降。加上德国,挪威和瑞典部分地区的手工捕捞和生计捕捞量预计将下降,如果管理计划中仍缺乏元耦合,则元耦合相互作用可能为小规模渔民带来有害的财务,粮食供应和粮食/营养安全结果。但是,本文开发的定量和概念工具使渔业管理者能够确定何时,何时以及如何最大程度地发挥积极作用,并最大程度地减少负面的元耦合相互作用,从而确保为当地和全球的渔业利益相关者带来持续的生态,经济,营养和社会文化利益。

更新日期:2020-12-31
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