Anthropogenic aerosols (AA) have significantly caused anomalous winter mean atmospheric circulation over the Northern Hemisphere, but the main daily patterns of winter large-scale circulation change are not well understood. Here a self-organizing map analysis is applied to identify the leading patterns in AA-induced winter daily geopotential height (Z) anomaly fields simulated by three atmospheric general circulation models, with a focus on fast adjustments. Two winter daily circulation response patterns with a synoptic time scale are found: one pattern shows concurring Z anomalies over North America and North Asia with the same sign and the Bering Sea seeing the opposite, resembling the Asia–Bering–North American teleconnection; while the other is the Arctic Oscillation-like pattern with similar Z anomalies over North Pacific and North Atlantic and the opposite over the Arctic region. The AA-induced anomalous precipitation over the tropics and anomalous synoptic eddy activities over the extratropical oceans concur to support and maintain these circulation anomaly patterns. The winter-mean climate responses to AA can be understood as a result of these daily anomaly patterns, especially over the higher latitudes. Specifically, the associated changes in surface air temperature (SAT) over the mid-high latitudes are caused by the AA-driven meridional movements of polar (cold and dry) airmass and midlatitude (warm and moist) airmass in the regions, mainly through the relevant surface downward longwave radiation. This study highlights the role of AA in altering daily weather patterns, which is not sufficiently captured by seasonal mean responses.

人为气溶胶（AA）引起了北半球冬季平均大气环流的异常，但人们对冬季大规模环流变化的主要日常模式知之甚少。在这里，使用自组织图分析来识别由三个大气总环流模型模拟的AA引起的冬季冬季每日地势高度（Z）异常场中的主导模式，重点是快速调整。发现了两种具有天气时间尺度的冬季日常环流响应模式：一种模式显示在北美和北亚同时出现Z异常，并具有相同的符号，而白令海则出现相反的趋势，类似于亚洲-白灵-北美遥相关。另一个是类似北极涛动的模式，在北太平洋和北大西洋上有相似的Z异常，而在北极地区则相反。机管局在热带地区引起的异常降水和热带外海洋的异常天气涡动活动共同支持和维持了这些环流异常模式。这些每日异常模式的结果，尤其是在较高纬度地区，可以理解为冬季对AA的平均气候响应。具体而言，中高纬度地区相关的地表气温（SAT）的变化是由AA驱动的极地（冷和​​干燥）气团和中纬度（温暖和潮湿）气团在子午线上的子午运动引起的，主要是通过相关表面向下的长波辐射。