Melatonin is known for its efficacy in breast cancer treatment. However, the safety profile of melatonin, particularly its effect on liver, uterus and ovaries is largely unknown. Here, we explored the safety profile of melatonin using virgin female mice of the Swiss albino strain. Further, we investigated whether melatonin can overcome liver, ovaries and uterine toxicities which are induced by tamoxifen using N,N-dimethylbenzylamine (DMBA) induced breast cancer mouse model? Treatment of tamoxifen after breast cancer induction in mice resulted in reduction of breast masses but severe pathological abnormalities like liver steatosis, hyper ovulation, ovarian cysts, uterine glands dilatations and endometriosis were observed in treated animals. Whereas, melatonin when used in combination with tamoxifen helped to reduce the mouse mammary tumor volume and significantly decreases liver enzymes, steroid hormones and oxidative stress. Melatonin also reverted the liver, ovarian and uterus toxicity induced by tamoxifen. The results have demonstrated that tamoxifen when used as combination therapy with melatonin serve as an effective anti-breast cancer molecule with minimum liver, ovarian and uterus toxicities.

中文翻译：

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褪黑素消除了他莫昔芬在乳腺癌小鼠模型中引起的肝，卵巢和子宫毒性

褪黑素以其在乳腺癌治疗中的功效而闻名。但是，褪黑激素的安全性，尤其是其对肝脏，子宫和卵巢的作用在很大程度上尚不清楚。在这里，我们使用瑞士白化病品系的处女雌性小鼠探索了褪黑激素的安全性。此外，我们使用N，N-二甲基苄胺（DMBA）诱导的乳腺癌小鼠模型研究了褪黑激素是否能克服他莫昔芬诱导的肝，卵巢和子宫毒性？他莫昔芬在小鼠乳腺癌诱发后的治疗导致乳腺肿块减少，但在治疗的动物中观察到严重的病理异常，例如肝脂肪变性，排卵过度，卵巢囊肿，子宫扩张和子宫内膜异位。鉴于，褪黑素与他莫昔芬联合使用有助于减少小鼠乳腺肿瘤的体积，并显着降低肝酶，类固醇激素和氧化应激。褪黑素还可以逆转他莫昔芬引起的肝脏，卵巢和子宫毒性。结果表明，他莫昔芬与褪黑激素联合使用时，可作为一种有效的抗乳腺癌分子，对肝脏，卵巢和子宫的毒性最小。