Increasingly complex and autonomous systems require machine ethics to maximize the benefits and minimize the risks to society arising from the new technology. It is challenging to decide which type of ethical theory to employ and how to implement it effectively. This survey provides a threefold contribution. First, it introduces a trimorphic taxonomy to analyze machine ethics implementations with respect to their object (ethical theories), as well as their nontechnical and technical aspects. Second, an exhaustive selection and description of relevant works is presented. Third, applying the new taxonomy to the selected works, dominant research patterns, and lessons for the field are identified, and future directions for research are suggested.

中文翻译：

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机器伦理的实现

日益复杂和自主的系统需要机器伦理来最大限度地提高效益并最大限度地减少新技术给社会带来的风险。决定采用哪种类型的伦理理论以及如何有效地实施它具有挑战性。这项调查提供了三重贡献。首先，它引入了三态分类法来分析机器伦理实现的对象（伦理理论），以及它们的非技术和技术方面。其次，对相关作品进行了详尽的选择和描述。第三，将新分类法应用于所选作品，确定了该领域的主要研究模式和经验教训，并提出了未来的研究方向。