The intersection collision warning system (ICWS) is an emerging technology designed to assist drivers in avoiding collisions at intersections. ICWS has an excellent performance in reducing the number of collisions and improving driving safety. Previous studies demonstrated that when visibility was low under fog conditions, ICWS could help drivers timely detect hazardous conflicting vehicles. However, the influences of ICWS on interactive driving behavior at unsignalized intersection between different vehicles have barely been discussed. This study aimed to investigate the patterns of drivers’ interactive behaviors with the assistance of a new kind of ICWS under fog conditions based on Multiuser Driving Simulation. The Multiuser Driving Simulation allowed multiple drivers to operate in the same simulation scenario at the same time, and it could capture drivers’ interactions preferably. Forty-eight licensed drivers completed the driving simulation experiment in three fog conditions (no fog, light fog, and heavy fog) and two warning conditions (warning and no warning), in which the drivers drove in a straight-moving situation at unsignalized intersection with potential collision risks caused by the encounter of two vehicles. The results verified that warning and fog conditions were significant factors that affected the interactive driving behavior in the unsignalized intersection collision avoidance process, including the driver’s decision, TTC of action point, average acceleration (deceleration) rate, and postencroachment time. Compared to conditions without ICWS, the ICWS could help drivers make collision avoidance actions earlier and change the speed more smoothly. In addition, with the help of Multiuser Driving Simulation, associations between decision driving behaviors of vehicles were discussed with caution. The results revealed the decision-making mechanism of drivers in the process of interaction with other drivers. Under the influence of fog, interactive driving processes were fraught with increased risk at unsignalized intersection. However, the ICWS helped drivers interact more harmoniously, safely, and efficiently. The findings shed some light on the further development of ICWS and the study on interactive driving behavior.

中文翻译：

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雾条件下预警系统对无信号交叉口交互式驾驶行为的影响：基于多用户驾驶仿真的研究

交叉路口碰撞警告系统（ICWS）是一项新兴技术，旨在帮助驾驶员避免在交叉路口发生碰撞。ICWS在减少碰撞次数和提高驾驶安全性方面表现出色。先前的研究表明，在雾天下能见度较低时，ICWS可以帮助驾驶员及时发现危险的冲突车辆。但是，几乎没有讨论过ICWS对不同车辆之间无信号交叉口的交互式驾驶行为的影响。这项研究旨在研究一种基于多用户驾驶模拟的新型ICWS在雾天条件下驾驶员交互行为的模式。多用户驾驶模拟功能允许多个驾驶员同时在同一模拟场景下运行，它可以更好地捕获驾驶员的互动。四十八名持照驾驶员在三种雾状态（无雾，轻雾和大雾）和两种警告条件（警告和无警告）下完成了驾驶模拟实验，在这种情况下，驾驶员在无信号交叉口以直线行驶的状态行驶碰到两辆车可能会造成碰撞危险。结果证明，警告和起雾条件是影响无信号交叉口避碰过程中交互驾驶行为的重要因素，包括驾驶员的决策，动作点的TTC，平均加速（减速）率和驶入后时间。与没有ICWS的条件相比，ICWS可以帮助驾驶员更早地采取防撞措施，并更平稳地改变速度。此外，借助多用户驾驶模拟，谨慎地讨论了车辆的决策驾驶行为之间的关联。结果揭示了驾驶员与其他驾驶员互动过程中的决策机制。在大雾的影响下，无信号交叉口的交互驾驶过程充满了更大的风险。但是，ICWS帮助驾驶员更加和谐，安全和高效地进行互动。这些发现为ICWS的进一步发展以及对交互驾驶行为的研究提供了一些启示。在无信号交叉路口，互动驾驶过程充满了增加的风险。但是，ICWS帮助驾驶员更加和谐，安全和高效地进行互动。这些发现为ICWS的进一步发展以及对交互驾驶行为的研究提供了一些启示。在无信号交叉路口，互动驾驶过程充满了增加的风险。但是，ICWS帮助驾驶员更加和谐，安全和高效地进行互动。这些发现为ICWS的进一步发展和对交互驾驶行为的研究提供了一些启示。