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Weak signal enhancement using adaptive local similarity and neighboring super-virtual trace for first arrival picking
Journal of Geophysics and Engineering ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-18 , DOI: 10.1093/jge/gxaa059
Shanglin Liang 1 , Tianyue Hu 1 , Dong Cui 2 , Pengcheng Ding 3
Affiliation  

Accurate traveltime of first arrivals is of great importance in investigating subsurface velocity information. A significant challenge preventing the picking of the first arrival, however, is that the recorded traces in complex mountain areas are often characterised by weak energy, strong noise and dramatic phase variation. The method of super-virtual refraction interferometry (SVI) is capable of retrieving and enhancing the weak first arrivals from those traces and attenuating the random noise. Unfortunately, the conventional SVI has equal-weighted stacking, and is susceptible to strong local noise. This paper introduces adaptive data-driven weights based on local similarity into SVI to solve this problem. Both near- and far-offset reference traces of high quality are technically selected for better preservation of useful information. Next, we develop some neighboring super-virtual traces in the stacking process for further enhancement of weak signals, which is a further extension and theoretically superior to conventional SVI in increasing the total stacking number. The successful applications of model and field data show the great advantages of our improved method. Compared with conventional SVI, our method has a better local noise suppression effect and stronger enhancement ability, especially at weak refractions. More importantly, it can provide a significant guarantee of higher quality data, thus distinctly achieving a more accurate and reliable traveltime in first arrival picking.

中文翻译:

使用自适应局部相似度和相邻超虚拟轨迹进行弱信号增强以进行首次到达

首次到达的准确旅行时间在调查地下速度信息中非常重要。但是,阻止选择首次到达的一个重大挑战是,复杂山区的记录轨迹通常具有能量弱,噪声大和相位变化剧烈的特点。超虚拟折光干涉仪(SVI)的方法能够检索和增强来自这些迹线的弱初次到达并衰减随机噪声。不幸的是,常规的SVI具有相等加权的堆叠,并且容易受到强烈的局部噪声的影响。本文将基于局部相似度的自适应数据驱动权重引入SVI中以解决此问题。从技术上选择高质量的近距和距距参考迹线,以更好地保存有用的信息。下一个,我们在堆叠过程中开发了一些相邻的超虚拟迹线,以进一步增强弱信号,这在扩展总堆叠数量方面是进一步的扩展,并且在理论上优于常规SVI。模型和现场数据的成功应用表明了我们改进方法的巨大优势。与传统的SVI相比,我们的方法具有更好的局部噪声抑制效果和更强的增强能力,尤其是在弱折射的情况下。更重要的是,它可以为更高质量的数据提供重要保证,从而在首次到达拣货时明显地实现更准确和可靠的行驶时间。在增加总堆叠数量方面,这是进一步的扩展,并且在理论上优于传统的SVI。模型和现场数据的成功应用表明了我们改进方法的巨大优势。与传统的SVI相比,我们的方法具有更好的局部噪声抑制效果和更强的增强能力,尤其是在弱折射的情况下。更重要的是,它可以为更高质量的数据提供重要保证,从而在首次到达拣货时明显地实现更准确和可靠的行驶时间。在增加总堆叠数量方面,这是进一步的扩展,并且在理论上优于传统的SVI。模型和现场数据的成功应用表明了我们改进方法的巨大优势。与传统的SVI相比,我们的方法具有更好的局部噪声抑制效果和更强的增强能力,尤其是在弱折射的情况下。更重要的是,它可以为更高质量的数据提供重要保证,从而在首次到达拣货时明显地实现更准确和可靠的行驶时间。
更新日期:2020-12-30
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