High‐capacity silicon anodes are attracting more attention, owing to their high theoretical capacities and low working potentials. However, massive volume changes and low intrinsic electric conductivity remain substantial challenges that limit the practical applications of these anodes in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). In this study, cobalt‐doped silicon nanoparticles with different Co concentrations (0.1 %, 0.3 %, and 0.5 %) are prepared by using a simple low‐temperature annealing process and are studied as anodes for LIBs. Compared to pure silicon, the obtained 0.5 % cobalt‐doped silicon anode can serve as a promising anode and shows a high discharge capacity of 3409 mAh g⁻¹ (97.2 % capacity retention vs. first reversible capacity) with 98.1 % coulombic efficiency after 40 cycles, at 200 mA g⁻¹. After a long 320 cycles, the electrode delivered 3029 mAh g⁻¹ with 86.4 % capacity retention. This cobalt‐doped silicon anode also exhibits superior rate capability and a highly stable long cycle life at higher current densities as well as high mass loading. These remarkable enhancements in electrochemical properties indicate that cobalt doping yields increased conductivity, mitigates volume expansion, and provides shorter lithium transportation lengths across the silicon nanoparticles.

中文翻译：

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钴掺杂对增强纳米硅储锂性能的影响

高容量的硅阳极由于其高理论容量和低工作潜力而受到越来越多的关注。但是，大量的体积变化和较低的固有电导率仍然是严峻的挑战，限制了这些负极在锂离子电池（LIB）中的实际应用。在这项研究中，使用简单的低温退火工艺制备了具有不同Co浓度（0.1％，0.3％和0.5％）的钴掺杂的硅纳米颗粒，并将其用作LIB的阳极。与纯硅相比，所获得的0.5％钴掺杂硅阳极可以用作有前途的阳极，并显示出3409 mAh g ^-1的高放电容量（97.2％的容量保持率与首次可逆容量）和40后的库仑效率为98.1％周期，在200 mA g ^-1时。经过长时间的320次循环后，电极的容量保持率为86.4％，提供了3029 mAh g ^-1的电量。这种钴掺杂的硅阳极在较高的电流密度和较高的质量负载下，还具有优异的速率能力和高度稳定的长循环寿命。电化学性能的这些显着增强表明，钴掺杂可提高电导率，减轻体积膨胀，并缩短锂在硅纳米粒子之间的传输长度。