Background

Road traffic collisions represent a public health problem in Chile, with fatality rates higher than in most OECD countries. This research investigates how various factors affect fatalities and injuries rates in Chile in the period 2000–2017 and calculates them for each region, originated by their specific characteristics.

Methods

An econometric analysis with panel data corresponding to the period 2000–2017 was carried out. We analysed the influence of several factors such as legislative changes and quality of road infrastructure on the risks of mortality and injury in Chile.

Results

Changes in the Traffic Law and the population density were the determining factors with the greatest incidence on the risks of fatalities and injuries. The implementation of the Zero Tolerance Law had a positive effect on the reduction of mortality and injury rates per vehicle. However, the quality of rural roads had a mixed effect depending on the factor analysed. Moreover, the estimations indicated that the effectiveness of the investment that has been made in Chilean roads was not as expected. The regional characteristics of the different regions caused the existence of interregional inequalities on the risks of fatalities and injuries.

Conclusions

The road traffic collisions rate is a complex public health problem. It is affected by many factors. Policy makers responsible for road safety in Chile must continue to improve legislation to achieve a reduction in collisions on their rural roads.

中文翻译：

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智利乡村道路的区域条件和道路交通碰撞

背景

道路交通事故是智利的公共卫生问题，死亡率比大多数经合组织国家高。这项研究调查了2000-2017年期间各种因素如何影响智利的死亡和受伤率，并根据其特定特征对每个地区进行了计算。

方法

进行了计量经济学分析，其面板数据对应于2000-2017年。我们分析了立法变化和道路基础设施质量等若干因素对智利死亡和伤害风险的影响。

结果

《交通法》和人口密度的变化是死亡和受伤风险发生率最高的决定性因素。零容忍法的实施对降低每辆车的死亡率和伤害率具有积极作用。但是，乡村道路的质量取决于所分析的因素，其影响是混合的。此外，估计数表明，在智利道路上进行的投资成效不如预期。不同地区的地区特征导致了造成死亡和伤害风险的地区间不平等现象的存在。

结论

道路交通碰撞率是一个复杂的公共卫生问题。它受许多因素影响。智利负责道路安全的政策制定者必须继续改善立法，以减少农村道路上的撞车事故。