This study aimed to solve the problem of interference misalignment when assembling the attachments of an excavator. A mechanical structure for taper guiding mechanism model was designed to improve the original mechanism. Interference distance, taper angles of the guiding mechanism, taper lengths of the guiding mechanism, and impact times of knocks were selected as design parameters. The optimal configuration of singular quality characteristics such as von Mises stress, von Mises strain, load, and strain energy was discussed using the Taguchi methods and L₉ orthogonal arrays. The design method for multi-objective optimization was combined with grey relational analysis and used to examine the integrated index of all design parameters. The influence levels and mathematical relations of design parameters and their interactions were analyzed with response surface methodology and variance analysis. The grey relational analysis for multi-objective optimization shows the optimal design conditions were an interference distance of 2 mm, the taper angles of the guiding mechanism being 50°, taper lengths of the guiding mechanism being 60 mm, and impact times of knocks being 0.03 s, resulting in von Mises stress of 10.32 MPa, von Mises strain of 0.05%, a load of 379.45 N, and strain energy of 0.1 mJ. Overall effectiveness increased 34.28% when the original design was changed to the optimal design. Concerning the influence of design parameters on overall effectiveness, the impact times of knocks and its quadratic interactions had the most significant contributions.

这项研究的目的是解决组装挖掘机附件时的干扰未对准问题。设计了用于锥度导向机构模型的机械结构，以改进原始机构。选择干涉距离，导向机构的锥角，导向机构的锥长和爆震的冲击时间作为设计参数。使用Taguchi方法和L ₉讨论了诸如von Mises应力，von Mises应变，载荷和应变能之类的奇异质量特性的最佳配置正交数组。多目标优化的设计方法与灰色关联分析相结合，用于检验所有设计参数的综合指标。利用响应面法和方差分析法分析了设计参数的影响程度，数学关系及其相互作用。多目标优化的灰色关联分析表明，最佳设计条件是过盈距离为2 mm，导向机构的锥角为50°，导向机构的锥度为60 mm，爆震的冲击时间为0.03。 s导致von Mises应力为10.32 MPa，von Mises应变为0.05％，载荷为379.45 N，应变能为0.1 mJ。当原始设计更改为最佳设计时，总体效率提高了34.28％。