Field-effect transistor (FET) is a very promising platform for biosensor applications due to its magnificent properties, including label-free detection, high sensitivity, fast response, real-time measurement capability, low running power, and the feasibility to miniaturize to a portable device. 1D (e.g. carbon nanotubes, Si nanowires, conductive polymer nanowires, 1D metal oxides, and others) and 2D (e.g. graphene materials, transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, and 2D metal oxides) materials, with their unique structural and electronic properties that are unavailable in bulk materials, have helped improve the sensitivity of FET biosensors and enabled detection down to single molecule. In this review, we give insights into the rapidly evolving field of 1D and 2D materials-based FET biosensors, with an emphasis on structure and electronic properties, synthesis, and biofunctionalization approaches of these nanomaterials. In addition, the progress in the 1D/2D-FET biosensors in North America, in the last decade, is summarized in tables. Moreover, challenges and future perspectives of 1D/2D-FET biosensors are covered.

场效应晶体管（FET）的卓越性能包括无标记检测，高灵敏度，快速响应，实时测量能力，低运行功率以及将其小型化为生物传感器的可行性，因此是生物传感器应用中非常有前途的平台。便携式设备。一维（例如碳纳米管，硅纳米线，导电聚合物纳米线，一维金属氧化物等）和二维（例如石墨烯材料，过渡金属二卤化物，黑磷和二维金属氧化物）材料，它们具有独特的结构和电子特性散装材料无法提供，有助于提高FET生物传感器的灵敏度，并能够检测到单个分子。在这篇综述中，我们对基于1D和2D材料的FET生物传感器的快速发展领域提供了见识，重点是这些纳米材料的结构和电子特性，合成和生物功能化方法。此外，下表总结了过去十年来北美1D / 2D-FET生物传感器的进展。此外，还涵盖了1D / 2D-FET生物传感器的挑战和未来前景。