Abstract

A new approach to solving the problem of lowering the hazard class and utilization of large-tonnage industrial waste, acid tar, is proposed. The possibilities of its processing, depending on the ratio of reagents, into bituminous products or solid composites are considered. The proposed two-stage method is based on chemical reactions ending with the ionic bonding of volatile low-molecular toxic components of acid tars upon neutralization of acids with amines with following formation of the covalent bonds upon the introduction of a crosslinking agent. The features of both stages have been studied. It was shown that acid tar is completely neutralized in excess of organic amine. The neutralization product retains the viscous fluidity of tar and has the thermophysical and viscous properties of certain brands of bitumen, which is unattainable with use of inorganic reagents. At the next stage, with the introduction of an epoxy resin as a crosslinking agent, excess amine is consumed, and a three-dimensional polymer network is formed in the tar mass. Elastic or solid product is formed, depending on the amount of resin. Polymer network completely impedes the migration of toxic components of acid tar into the environment. Contrary to the known processes, the studied process uses simple equipment and is characterized by low power consumption.

中文翻译：

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胺与酸焦油的利用

摘要

提出了解决降低大吨位工业废料酸焦油危害等级和利用的新途径。考虑到其根据试剂的比例加工成沥青产品或固体复合材料的可能性。所提出的两阶段方法基于化学反应，该化学反应以在用胺中和酸后酸焦油的挥发性低分子有毒成分的离子键结束，并在引入交联剂后形成共价键。研究了两个阶段的特征。结果表明，过量的有机胺会完全中和酸性焦油。中和产物保留了焦油的粘性流动性，并具有某些品牌沥青的热物理和粘性特性，使用无机试剂是无法达到的。在下一阶段，通过引入环氧树脂作为交联剂，消耗了过量的胺，并且在焦油块中形成了三维聚合物网络。取决于树脂的量，形成弹性或固体产物。聚合物网络完全阻止了酸焦油的有毒成分向环境的迁移。与已知方法相反，所研究的方法使用简单的设备并且具有低功耗的特征。聚合物网络完全阻止了酸焦油的有毒成分向环境的迁移。与已知方法相反，所研究的方法使用简单的设备并且具有低功耗的特征。聚合物网络完全阻止了酸焦油的有毒成分向环境的迁移。与已知方法相反，所研究的方法使用简单的设备并且具有低功耗的特征。