Cosmic-ray antiprotons are a powerful tool for astroparticle physics. While the bulk of measured antiprotons is consistent with a secondary origin, the precise data of the AMS-02 experiment provides us with encouraging prospects to search for a subdominant primary component, e.g. from dark matter. In this brief review, we discuss recent limits on heavy dark matter as well as a tentative signal from annihilation of dark matter with a mass [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]100 GeV. We emphasize the special role of systematic errors that can affect the signal. In particular, we discuss recent progress in the modeling of secondary production cross-sections and correlated errors in the AMS-02 data, the dominant ones originating from uncertainties in the cross-sections for cosmic-ray absorption in the detector.

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AMS-02时代的宇宙射线反质子：暗物质的灵敏探测

宇宙射线反质子是天体粒子物理学的有力工具。虽然大部分测量的反质子与次要来源一致，但 AMS-02 实验的精确数据为我们提供了令人鼓舞的前景，可以寻找次要的主要成分，例如来自暗物质。在这篇简短的回顾中，我们讨论了最近对重暗物质的限制以及暗物质湮灭的初步信号[公式：见正文][公式：见正文]100 GeV。我们强调会影响信号的系统误差的特殊作用。特别是，我们讨论了二次生产截面建模的最新进展以及 AMS-02 数据中的相关误差，主要的误差源于探测器中宇宙射线吸收截面的不确定性。