Neuropathic pain (NP) is pain caused by somatosensory nervous system injury or disease. Its prominent symptoms are spontaneous pain, hyperalgesia, and allodynia, and the sense of pain is extremely strong. Owing to the complex mechanism, conventional painkillers lack effectiveness. Recently, research on the treatment of NP by stem cells is increasing and promising results have been achieved in preclinical research. In this review, we briefly introduce the neuropathic pain, the current treatment strategy, and the development of stem cell therapy, and we collected the experimental and clinical trial articles of many kinds of stem cells in the treatment of neuropathic pain from the past ten years. We analyzed and summarized the general efficacy and mechanism of stem cells in the treatment of neuropathic pain. We found that the multiple-mechanism approach was different from the single mechanism of routine clinical drugs; stem cells play a role in peripheral mechanism, central mechanism, and disinhibition of spinal cord level that lead to neuropathic pain, so they are more effective in analgesia and treatment of neuropathic pain.

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干细胞治疗神经性疼痛的机理研究进展

神经性疼痛（NP）是由体感神经系统损伤或疾病引起的疼痛。它的突出症状是自发性疼痛，痛觉过敏和异常性疼痛，并且疼痛感极强。由于机理复杂，常规止痛药缺乏疗效。近年来，通过干细胞治疗NP的研究正在增加，并且在临床前研究中已经获得了有希望的结果。在这篇综述中，我们简要介绍了神经性疼痛，目前的治疗策略以及干细胞疗法的发展，并且收集了过去十年来治疗神经性疼痛的多种干细胞的实验和临床试验文章。 。我们分析并总结了干细胞在治疗神经性疼痛中的一般功效和机制。我们发现，多种机制的方法不同于常规临床药物的单一机制。干细胞在导致神经性疼痛的外周机制，中枢机制和抑制脊髓水平中起作用，因此它们在镇痛和神经性疼痛治疗中更有效。