In this study, a self-organized nanotubular titanium dioxide (TiO₂) array was successfully produced by anodizing pure titanium in a mixture of glycerol, distilled water (8% vol.), and ammonium fluoride using a dual electrode system. The size control and distribution of the nanopores were performed in a DC voltage range varying from 30 V to 60 V. The diameter of TiO₂ nanopores varies from 59 to 128 nm depending on the anodizing voltage. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis reveals that the as-prepared films are essentially composed of TiO₂. According to the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy analysis, the nanotubular arrays of TiO₂ annealed at 600°C for 2 hours are composed of a phase mixture of anatase and rutile. Mott-Schottky analysis showed that the TiO₂ nanotubes are consistent with an n-type semiconductor with a donor density of about 10¹⁷ cm^-3. Preliminary results on the photocatalytic degradation of a pharmaceutical pollutant showed that the TiO₂ nanotubes can be used as a promising material for application in wastewater treatment.

中文翻译：

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电化学阳极氧化法制备TiO2纳米管：光催化应用

在这项研究中，通过使用双电极系统在甘油，蒸馏水（8％体积）和氟化铵的混合物中对纯钛进行阳极氧化，成功地生产了自组织的纳米管二氧化钛（TiO ₂）阵列。在30V至60V的DC电压范围内进行纳米孔的尺寸控制和分布。取决于阳极氧化电压，TiO ₂纳米孔的直径在59至128nm之间变化。能量色散X射线光谱法（EDX）分析表明，所制备的膜基本上由TiO ₂组成。根据X射线衍射（XRD）和拉曼光谱分析，TiO ₂的纳米管阵列在600℃下退火2小时，由锐钛矿和金红石的相混合物组成。Mott-Schottky分析表明，TiO ₂纳米管与施主密度约为10 ¹⁷  cm ^-3的n型半导体相一致。对药物污染物的光催化降解的初步结果表明，TiO ₂纳米管可作为有前途的材料用于废水处理。