In this work, we consider axially symmetric stationary electromagnetic fields in the framework of special relativity. These fields have an angular momentum density in the reference frame at rest with respect to the axis of symmetry; their Poynting vector form closed integral lines around the symmetry axis. In order to describe the state of motion of the electromagnetic field, two sets of observers are introduced: the inertial set, whose members are at rest with the symmetry axis; and the noninertial set, whose members are rotating around the symmetry axis. The rotating observers measure no Poynting vector, and they are considered as comoving with the electromagnetic field. Using explicit calculations in the covariant splitting formalism, the velocity field of the rotating observers is determined and interpreted as that of the electromagnetic field. The considerations of the rotating observers split in two cases, for pure fields and impure fields, respectively. Moreover, in each case, each family of rotating observers splits in two subcases, due to regions where the electromagnetic field rotates with the speed of light. These regions are generalizations of the light cylinders found around magnetized neutron stars. In both cases, we give the explicit expressions for the corresponding velocity fields. Several examples of relevance in astrophysics and cosmology are presented, such as the rotating point magnetic dipoles and a superposition of a Coulomb electric field with the field of a point magnetic dipole.

中文翻译：

---

相对论旋转电磁场

在这项工作中，我们在狭义相对论的框架内考虑轴向对称的固定电磁场。这些场在静止状态下相对于对称轴在参考系中具有角动量密度。它们的坡印廷矢量形成围绕对称轴的闭合积分线。为了描述电磁场的运动状态，引入了两组观测器：惯性组，其成员在对称轴上静止；以及 非惯性集合，其成员围绕对称轴旋转。旋转的观测器没有测量坡印廷矢量，因此被视为与电磁场共同运动。在协变量中使用显式计算分裂形式，确定旋转的观察者的速度场并将其解释为电磁场的速度场。旋转观测器的考虑分为两种情况，分别是纯场和不纯场。而且，在每种情况下，由于电磁场以光速旋转的区域，每个旋转的观察者系列都分成两个子情况。这些区域是在磁化的中子星周围发现的光柱的概括。在这两种情况下，我们都给出了相应速度场的显式表达式。提出了与天体物理学和宇宙学相关的几个示例，例如旋转点磁偶极子和库仑电场与点磁偶极子场的叠加。