Abstract

The increasing emergence of nano-cosmetics in the marketplace provokes safety concerns with respect to percutaneous permeation and toxicity of nanomaterials inside the human body. In this study, in vivo percutaneous permeation and dermal safety of cosmetic cream containing Au nanosheets and extracted Au nanosheets from cosmetic creams are investigated with guinea pigs. Quantitative percutaneous permeation data suggests that Au nanosheets in cosmetic creams permeate into the skin epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layer after 10 d cutaneous exposure, but cannot enter the systemic circulation. However, more Au nanosheets are accumulated in the skin and the permeation of Au nanosheets increased after embedded into the cream matrix. Synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SRXRF) imaging reveals that Au nanosheets in cosmetics penetrate mainly through hair follicles in a time-dependent manner. Cosmetic creams rather than extracted Au nanosheets decrease the cell viability of keratinocytes and slightly induce apoptosis/necrosis of keratinocytes and skin dermal fibroblasts. Intriguingly, the growth of hair is inhibited by the cosmetic cream and the extracted Au nanosheets revealed by HE staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay. Altogether this study provides insights into the comprehensive understanding of percutaneous permeation and dermal safety of cosmetic creams containing Au nanosheets. This work provides reliable methods to study the skin permeation, biodistribution, and dermal safety of nano-cosmetics and reminds the community of the crucial need to combine the assays at molecular, cellular, and organ levels in nanotoxicology research.

抽象的

市场上纳米化妆品的日益出现引起了人们对纳米材料在人体内部的经皮渗透和毒性的安全性关注。在这项研究中，体内用豚鼠研究了含有Au纳米片和从Au纳米片中提取的Au纳米片的美容霜的经皮渗透和皮肤安全性。定量的经皮渗透数据表明，化妆品乳膏中的金纳米片在皮肤暴露10 d后渗透到皮肤表皮，真皮和皮下层，但不能进入全身循环。然而，更多的Au纳米片积聚在皮肤中，并且在嵌入乳膏基质中之后，Au纳米片的渗透性增加。同步辐射X射线荧光（SRXRF）成像显示，化妆品中的金纳米片主要以时间依赖的方式穿透毛囊。美容霜而不是提取的金纳米片会降低角质形成细胞的细胞活力，并轻微诱导角质形成细胞和皮肤真皮成纤维细胞的凋亡/坏死。有趣的是，美容霜抑制了头发的生长，HE染色和免疫组织化学（IHC）分析揭示了提取的金纳米片。总而言之，本研究提供了对含有Au纳米片的美容霜对经皮渗透和皮肤安全性的全面理解的见识。这项工作为研究纳米化妆品的皮肤渗透，生物分布和皮肤安全性提供了可靠的方法，并提醒社区在纳米毒理学研究中结合分子，细胞和器官水平测定的关键需求。美容霜可抑制头发生长，HE染色和免疫组织化学（IHC）分析可显示提取的金纳米片。总而言之，本研究提供了对含有Au纳米片的美容霜对经皮渗透和皮肤安全性的全面理解的见识。这项工作为研究纳米化妆品的皮肤渗透，生物分布和皮肤安全性提供了可靠的方法，并提醒社区在纳米毒理学研究中结合分子，细胞和器官水平测定的关键需求。美容霜可抑制头发生长，HE染色和免疫组织化学（IHC）分析可显示提取的金纳米片。总而言之，本研究提供了对含有Au纳米片的美容霜对经皮渗透和皮肤安全性的全面理解的见识。这项工作为研究纳米化妆品的皮肤渗透，生物分布和皮肤安全性提供了可靠的方法，并提醒社区在纳米毒理学研究中结合分子，细胞和器官水平测定的关键需求。