A critical link between schizotypy and schizophrenia is impoverished cognitive functioning. In the majority of studies, though: (1) cognition is examined with standard neuropsychological tasks; and (2) high‐schizotypal individuals are defined according to criteria applied in the respective study sample. Taking these considerations into account, the aims of the present study were to examine: (1) differences between four pre‐defined, according to normative criteria, schizotypal (paranoid, negative, disorganized and cognitive‐perceptual) and one control groups in self‐perceived cognitive lapses; and (2) associations between schizotypal dimensions, self‐perceived cognitive lapses and psychological well‐being. Two hundred and sixty‐one participants were administered the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire, the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) and the Flourishing Scale, which assesses psychological well‐being. Negative schizotypals reported higher scores in almost all CFQ measures compared with the control group (all p values < 0.01) along with poorer psychological well‐being compared with the control and the cognitive‐perceptual groups (both p values < 0.001). The disorganized group had higher scores in distractibility, blunders and total CFQ scores compared with the control group (all p values < 0.001). High psychological well‐being was significantly associated with low negative schizotypy and CFQ blunders along with high cognitive‐perceptual schizotypy (all p values < 0.05). To summarize, negative schizotypy is associated with a profile of “generalized” self‐perceived cognitive lapses while disorganized schizotypy is characterized by self‐perceived cognitive slips that have previously been shown to be mediated by a fronto‐parietal network. Although psychological well‐being is negatively associated with social‐context specific cognitive failures and negative schizotypy, it is positively associated with cognitive‐perceptual schizotypy.

中文翻译：

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精神分裂症患者的自我认知能力下降和心理健康：广义关联和领域特定关联

精神分裂症和精神分裂症之间的关键联系是认知功能低下。但是，在大多数研究中：（1）认知是通过标准的神经心理学任务来检查的；（2）根据各自研究样本中应用的标准定义高分裂型个体。考虑到这些考虑因素，本研究的目的是检查：（1）根据规范性标准，四个预定义型，精神分裂型（偏执型，消极型，无组织型和认知知觉型）与一个对照组之间的差异。感知的认知失误；（2）分裂型维度，自我感知的认知失误和心理健康之间的关联。261名参与者接受了《精神分裂症人格问卷》，认知障碍问卷（CFQ）和蓬勃发展量表，用于评估心理健康状况。与对照组相比，阴性的精神分裂症患者在几乎所有CFQ量表中均得分较高（所有p值<0.01），以及与对照组和认知知觉组相比的心理健康状况较差（p值<0.001）。与对照组相比，杂乱无章的组在分散性，失误和总CFQ评分上得分更高（所有p值<0.001）。较高的心理健康水平与较低的负性精神分裂症和CFQ失误以及较高的认知知觉精神分裂症密切相关（所有p值<0.05）。综上所述，负性精神分裂症与“一般性”的自我认知失误有关，而无组织性精神分裂症的特征在于自我认知滑移的特征，以前已经证明这是由额顶网络介导的。尽管心理健康与特定于社交背景的认知障碍和负面的精神分裂症呈负相关，但与认知感知的精神分裂症呈正相关。