Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an alphacoronavirus responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in pigs. A key determinant of viral tropism and entry, the PEDV spike protein is a key target for the host antibody response and a good candidate for a protein-based vaccine immunogen. We used electron microscopy to evaluate the PEDV spike structure, as well as pig polyclonal antibody responses to viral infection. The structure of the PEDV spike reveals a configuration similar to that of HuCoV-NL63. Several PEDV protein-protein interfaces are mediated by non-protein components, including a glycan at Asn264 and two bound palmitoleic acid molecules. The polyclonal antibody response to PEDV infection shows a dominance of epitopes in the S1 region. This structural and immune characterization provides insights into coronavirus spike stability determinants and explores the immune landscape of viral spike proteins.

猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）是一种冠状病毒，在猪中具有很高的发病率和死亡率。PEDV刺突蛋白是病毒嗜性和进入的关键决定因素，是宿主抗体反应的关键靶点，也是基于蛋白质的疫苗免疫原的良好候选者。我们使用电子显微镜来评估PEDV穗状结构，以及猪对病毒感染的多克隆抗体反应。PEDV尖峰的结构显示出与HuCoV-NL63相似的构型。几种PEDV蛋白质-蛋白质界面是由非蛋白质成分介导的，包括Asn264处的聚糖和两个结合的棕榈油酸分子。对PEDV感染的多克隆抗体反应显示S1区的抗原决定簇占优势。