Detonation nanodiamond (DND) particles have promising applications ranging from lubrication and polishing to biotechnology and electronics. However, the physical and chemical properties of the surface of the nanodiamond are largely unknown due to a commonly assumed core-shell structure of the DND nanoparticles. The present paper is devoted to the examination of the one of most popular DND hydrosols with positively charged colloidal particles, manufactured in NanoCarbon Research Institute, Japan, and widely used by different researchers. We report the results of studies of structural and electronic properties of individual 4 nm-sized DND nanoparticle by means of advanced TEM techniques under contamination-free conditions. A 2 nm-size core of crystalline diamond is surrounded with ca. 1 nm thick diamond-like carbon that has been visualized by low- and core-loss EELS spectral imaging. The study of deposition of the secondary aggregates of the primary DND species via electrolytes in water–ethanol and water–acetonitrile solvents revealed three mechanisms of coagulation, namely, surface charge screening (NaCl), anionic adsorption (sodium n-dodecyl sulfate), and acid-base neutralization (NaOH). Both peptization of the coagulates by pure water and alteration of the electrical properties along with the changes of the composition of the binary solvents elucidate the role of H⁺ ions in the formation of the positive charge of species.

爆轰纳米金刚石（DND）颗粒具有广阔的应用前景，从润滑和抛光到生物技术和电子产品。然而，由于DND纳米颗粒的通常假定的核-壳结构，纳米金刚石表面的物理和化学性质在很大程度上是未知的。本论文致力于对日本NanoCarbon研究所生产的，带正电胶体颗粒的最受欢迎的DND水溶胶之一进行检查，并被不同的研究人员广泛使用。我们报告通过先进的TEM技术在无污染的条件下单个4纳米大小的DND纳米粒子的结构和电子性能的研究结果。2 nm大小的晶状金刚石核被约40毫米包围。1 nm厚的类金刚石碳，已通过低损耗和磁芯损耗EELS光谱成像实现了可视化。通过在水-乙醇和水-乙腈溶剂中的电解质沉积主要DND物种的次要聚集体的研究揭示了三种凝聚机制，即表面电荷筛选（NaCl），阴离子吸附（钠）。正十二烷基硫酸盐）和酸碱中和（NaOH）。通过纯水对凝结物的胶溶作用以及电性质的变化以及二元溶剂组成的变化都阐明了H ⁺离子在物质正电荷形成中的作用。