Soil classification systems represent powerful tools not only to facilitate soil identification, but also to predict its possible behavior. While the use of arbitrary standards based on particle size distribution may be applicable to coarse-grained soils, those approaches based exclusively on textural principles are ineffective in classifying fine-grained soils, where clay content and its mineralogy dictate the general properties. In this sense, the measurement of plasticity represents a more appropriate parameter than particle size. This fact has led various authors and technical committees to develop fine-grained soil classification systems based on plasticity. However, the disparity of criteria makes it necessary to review them in order to glimpse the weaknesses and strengths of each of them. This paper includes the review of the six main existing proposals together with the possible variants arising from them: Casagrande (1947)-Unified Soil Classification System (USCS), American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), Federal Aviation Agency (FAA), Saito and Miki (1975), Polidori, 2003, Polidori, 2007, Polidori, 2009 and Moreno-Maroto and Alonso-Azcárate, 2017, Moreno-Maroto and Alonso-Azcárate, 2018 classification charts, which are designed on the basis of Atterberg limits. After conducting a complete and thorough examination, it is shown that although the Casagrande (1947)-USCS approach is the most widely known, of all the proposals examined, only that of Moreno-Maroto and Alonso-Azcárate, 2017, Moreno-Maroto and Alonso-Azcárate, 2018 is based on well-founded criteria, presenting a strong predictive capacity, as well as being simple, precise and adaptable to needs.

土壤分类系统代表了强大的工具，不仅可以促进土壤识别，而且可以预测其可能的行为。虽然基于粒度分布的任意标准的使用可能适用于粗粒土壤，但是那些仅基于纹理原理的方法无法有效地对细粒土壤进行分类，而在这些细粒土壤中，粘土含量及其矿物学决定了其总体性能。从这个意义上说，可塑性的测量代表了比粒度更合适的参数。这一事实促使各种作者和技术委员会开发了基于可塑性的细粒度土壤分类系统。但是，标准的差异使得有必要对其进行审查，以了解每个标准的弱点和优势。本文包括对现有的六个主要建议的审查以及可能产生的变体：卡萨格兰德（1947）-统一土壤分类系统（USCS），美国国家公路和运输官员协会（AASHTO），联邦航空局（FAA） ），斋藤和三木（1975年），波利多里（2003年），波利多里（2007年），波利多里（2009年）以及莫雷诺·马罗托（Moreno-Maroto）和阿隆索·阿扎卡特（Alonso-Azcárate），2017年，莫雷诺·马罗托（Moreno-Maroto）和阿隆索·阿扎卡特（Alonso-Azcárate）2018年分类表阿特伯格的极限。经过全面彻底的审查后，我们发现尽管卡萨格兰德（1947）-USCS方法是最广为人知的方法，但在所研究的所有提案中，只有莫雷诺-马罗托（Moreno-Maroto）和阿隆索-阿兹卡特（Alonso-Azcárate），2017年，莫雷诺-马罗托（Moreno-Maroto）阿隆索-阿兹卡特（Alonso-Azcárate），2018年基于公认的标准，