Public transport systems provide essential mobility service to citizens who do not have access to private cars. Public transport also plays a significant role in minimizing road congestions, air pollution, journey time and energy consumption. Public transport service quality need efficient strategic plans to be able to increase user’s satisfaction and attract non-user’s. To achieve this target, a combined model of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with Multi Objective Optimization Method by Ratio Analysis (MOORA) based on grey optimization has been adopted, as a case study, the public bus transport system in Budapest, Hungary has been opted. The weight scores of the evaluation criteria are conducted based on transport experts' assessments. When the studies in the literature are reviewed, it is observed that the success of the MOORA technique about decision making is remarkable. Also, there is not an agreed and validated grey MOORA technique in the literature. Thus, an integrated grey AHP and grey MOORA technique is proposed in this study to evaluate the public transport service quality. Grey based multi-criteria decision making methods are very useful to decrease the subjectivity of the decision makers. The importance of criteria has been computed by conducting grey AHP approach while the alternatives that have been preferred mostly within the certain criteria have been estimated by adopting grey MOORA method. Finally, the findings of the proposed model shed the light on “Provide new buses” as the most desired alternative for developing the service quality of public bus transport in Budapest. The proposed model provides reliable and robust results for improving public transport service quality. The local government representatives in Budapest may use the obtained results in their future strategic plans for developing public bus transport system.

中文翻译：

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灰色的AHP-MOORA集成模型可改善公共交通服务质量

公共交通系统为无法使用私家车的公民提供基本的出行服务。公共交通在减少道路拥堵，空气污染，旅途时间和能源消耗方面也发挥着重要作用。公共交通服务质量需要有效的战略计划，才能提高用户满意度并吸引非用户。为了实现此目标，采用了基于灰色优化的层次分析法与比率分析多目标优化方法（MOORA）的组合模型，作为案例研究，匈牙利布达佩斯的公共交通系统具有被选择了。评估标准的权重得分是根据运输专家的评估进行的。回顾文献中的研究后，可以看出，MOORA技术在决策方面的成功是显着的。而且，文献中没有经过认可和验证的灰色MOORA技术。因此，本研究提出了一种综合的灰色层次分析法和灰色MOORA技术来评估公共交通服务质量。基于灰色的多准则决策方法对于降低决策者的主观性非常有用。通过执行灰色层次分析法来计算标准的重要性，而通过灰色MOORA方法估算出在特定标准内首选的替代方法。最后，所提议模型的发现阐明了“提供新公共汽车”是发展布达佩斯公共公共汽车运输服务质量的最理想选择。所提出的模型为提高公共交通服务质量提供了可靠而可靠的结果。布达佩斯的地方政府代表可以在未来的战略计划中将获得的结果用于发展公共巴士运输系统。