Abstract

The toxic and developmental properties of the three essential oils isolated from Artemisia monosperma, Origanum vulgare and Schinus molle were evaluated against Culex pipiens. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis showed that capillene (36.86%), d-pulegone (77.45%) and α-phellandrene (29.78%) were the most dominant compounds in A. monosperma, O. vulgare and S. molle, respectively. The toxicity of the oils was evaluated against larvae, pupae and adults of C. pipiens after treatments of the 1^st instar mosquito larvae with different concentrations of oils. The oils of O. vulgare, A. monosperma and S. molle caused 77.33, 64.0 and 56.67% larval mortality at 100 mg/L, respectively. The oils showed a strong cumulative toxicity with LC₅₀ values of 10.27, 12.75 and 14.52 mg/L for O. vulgare, S. molle and A. monosperma, respectively. Moreover, the oil of O. vulgare strongly inhibited adult eclosion with IC₅₀ value of 10.50 mg/L. Furthermore, the oils caused significant prolongation of the larval and pupal periods. In contrary, the oils drastically shortened adult periods of C. pipiens. Moreover, the three oils induced pupal and adult malformation.

摘要

从Artemisia monosperma、Origanum vulgare和Schinus molle中分离出的三种精油的毒性和发育特性已针对淡色库蚊进行了评估。气相色谱/质谱 (GC/MS) 分析表明，capillene (36.86%)、d-pulegone (77.45%) 和 α-phellandrene (29.78%) 是 A. monosperma、O . vulgare和S. molle分别。在用不同浓度的油处理 1^龄蚊子幼虫后，评估油对C. pipiens的幼虫、蛹和成虫的毒性。O. vulgare的油, A. monosperma和S. molle在 100 mg/L 时分别导致 77.33%、64.0% 和 56.67% 的幼虫死亡率。这些油显示出强烈的累积毒性，对于O. vulgare、S. molle和A. monosperma的 LC ₅₀值分别为 10.27、12.75 和 14.52 mg/L 。此外， O. vulgare油强烈抑制成虫羽化，IC ₅₀值为10.50 mg/L。此外，油导致幼虫和蛹期显着延长。相反，这些油大大缩短了淡水青蛙的成虫期。此外，这三种油会导致蛹和成虫畸形。