Abstract

While the production and usage of pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products have greatly improved the quality of life for humans, their application has increasingly been contaminating aqueous systems with micropollutants due to seepage, run-off, effluent discharge and uptake in the environment. Micropollutants exhibit considerable ecotoxicities and adverse effects on human health, making them a critical environmental concern. Current micropollutant remediation methods which involve advanced oxidation processes and membrane technologies are costly, consume excess chemicals, require high amounts of energy, form harmful by-products and sludge that are difficult to manage. The usage of oxidative laccases and peroxidases, microalgae and microalgae-bacteria consortia are emerging as novel green alternatives for the remediation of micropollutants from contaminated aqueous systems. This review details recent advances made in the application of green media utilized in micropollutant remediation through degradation, immobilization, adsorption, bioaccumulation and co-metabolism. These methods are discussed as secondary treatment techniques for wastewater plant effluents or as a tertiary treatment in conjunction with other chemical and biological technologies to metabolize toxic chemicals in-situ and yield innocuous outputs. A critical discussion on advantages, application, current developments, drawbacks and future perspectives of these biotechniques is presented.

摘要

虽然杀虫剂、药品和个人护理产品的生产和使用极大地改善了人类的生活质量，但由于渗漏、径流、污水排放和环境吸收，它们的应用越来越多地被微污染物污染水系统。微污染物表现出相当大的生态毒性和对人类健康的不利影响，使其成为关键的环境问题。当前涉及高级氧化工艺和膜技术的微污染物修复方法成本高，消耗过多的化学品，需要大量能源，形成难以管理的有害副产品和污泥。氧化漆酶和过氧化物酶的使用，微藻和微藻-细菌联合体正在成为新的绿色替代品，用于修复受污染的水系统中的微污染物。本综述详细介绍了在通过降解、固定化、吸附、生物积累和共代谢等方式在微污染物修复中应用绿色介质方面取得的最新进展。这些方法被讨论为废水厂废水的二级处理技术，或作为与其他化学和生物技术相结合的三级处理，以原位代谢有毒化学物质并产生无害的输出。对这些生物技术的优点、应用、当前发展、缺点和未来前景进行了批判性讨论。本综述详细介绍了在通过降解、固定化、吸附、生物积累和共代谢等方式在微污染物修复中应用绿色介质方面取得的最新进展。这些方法被讨论为废水厂废水的二级处理技术，或作为与其他化学和生物技术相结合的三级处理，以原位代谢有毒化学物质并产生无害的输出。对这些生物技术的优点、应用、当前发展、缺点和未来前景进行了批判性讨论。本综述详细介绍了在通过降解、固定化、吸附、生物积累和共代谢等方式在微污染物修复中应用绿色介质方面取得的最新进展。这些方法被讨论为废水厂废水的二级处理技术，或作为与其他化学和生物技术相结合的三级处理，以原位代谢有毒化学物质并产生无害的输出。对这些生物技术的优点、应用、当前发展、缺点和未来前景进行了批判性讨论。这些方法被讨论为废水厂废水的二级处理技术，或作为与其他化学和生物技术相结合的三级处理，以原位代谢有毒化学物质并产生无害的输出。对这些生物技术的优点、应用、当前发展、缺点和未来前景进行了批判性讨论。这些方法被讨论为废水厂废水的二级处理技术，或作为与其他化学和生物技术相结合的三级处理，以原位代谢有毒化学物质并产生无害的输出。对这些生物技术的优点、应用、当前发展、缺点和未来前景进行了批判性讨论。