Antibacterial therapy is still in many cases the only way to control bacterial disease outbreaks, with relevant economic issues. Nevertheless, this necessity should also be well balanced with other relevant aspects such as suitability, efficacy and refinement of the treatments but also with consumer and environmental welfare. With this aim, the literature pertaining to the use of antibacterials (i.e. oxytetracycline, oxolinic acid, flumequine and potentiated sulphonamides) in Mediterranean farmed European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) was reviewed and addressed. Knowledge of drug pharmacokinetics along with the related legislation is also presented. The main criteria, technical aspects and constraints affecting the design of an appropriate antibacterial therapy are also discussed. An evaluation of available bibliography revealed the existence of considerable information on several registered antibacterials, while it is limited for others. Typically, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) have been used as a reference for antibacterial selection. However, the methodologies used for MIC assessment require refinement and more sophisticated data such as epidemiological cut-off breakpoint values. Due to the characteristics of farming systems, antibacterials are mostly delivered through medicated feeds. The large number of production units and number of fish per unit, together with a limited timeframe margin for efficient therapy, makes Mediterranean gilthead seabream and European seabass, one of the best examples where the metaphylactic concept has to be considered in aquatic medicine. The information presented in this review should guide future action taken to fulfil research gaps and promote effective and prudent antibacterial practices.

中文翻译：

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在有鳍鱼养殖中使用抗菌剂的最佳治疗方法：地中海水产养殖中欧洲鲈鱼（Dicentrarchus labrax）和金头鲷（Sparus aurata）的特殊观点

在许多情况下，抗菌治疗仍然是控制细菌性疾病爆发的唯一方法，但存在相关的经济问题。尽管如此，这种必要性还应与其他相关方面（例如治疗的适用性、有效性和改进）以及消费者和环境福利取得良好平衡。为此，有关在地中海养殖的欧洲鲈鱼 ( Dicentrarchus labrax ) 和金头鲷 ( Sparus aurata ) 中使用抗菌剂（即土霉素、恶唑酸、氟甲喹和强化磺胺）的文献) 进行了审查和处理。还介绍了药物药代动力学知识以及相关立法。还讨论了影响适当抗菌疗法设计的主要标准、技术方面和限制条件。对现有参考书目的评估揭示了关于几种注册抗菌药物的大量信息的存在，而对于其他抗菌药物则是有限的。通常，最低抑菌浓度 (MIC) 已被用作抗菌选择的参考。然而，用于 MIC 评估的方法需要改进和更复杂的数据，例如流行病学截止点值。由于养殖系统的特点，抗菌药物主要通过药物饲料输送。大量的生产单位和每单位鱼的数量，再加上有效治疗的时间范围有限，使得地中海金头鲷和欧洲鲈鱼成为水生医学中必须考虑超生学概念的最佳例子之一。本综述中提供的信息应指导未来采取的行动，以填补研究空白​​并促进有效和谨慎的抗菌实践。