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Mutations in tomato 1‐aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid synthase2 uncover its role in development beside fruit ripening
The Plant Journal ( IF 6.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-28 , DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15148 Kapil Sharma 1 , Soni Gupta 1 , Supriya Sarma 1 , Meenakshi Rai 1 , Yellamaraju Sreelakshmi 1 , Rameshwar Sharma 1
The Plant Journal ( IF 6.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-28 , DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15148 Kapil Sharma 1 , Soni Gupta 1 , Supriya Sarma 1 , Meenakshi Rai 1 , Yellamaraju Sreelakshmi 1 , Rameshwar Sharma 1
Affiliation
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The role of ethylene in plant development is mostly inferred from its exogenous application. The usage of mutants affecting ethylene biosynthesis proffers a better alternative to decipher its role. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), 1‐aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid synthase2 (ACS2) is a key enzyme regulating ripening‐specific ethylene biosynthesis. We characterised two contrasting acs2 mutants; acs2‐1 overproduces ethylene, has higher ACS activity, and has increased protein levels, while acs2‐2 is an ethylene underproducer, displays lower ACS activity, and has lower protein levels than wild type. Consistent with high/low ethylene emission, the mutants show opposite phenotypes, physiological responses, and metabolomic profiles compared with the wild type. The acs2‐1 mutant shows early seed germination, faster leaf senescence, and accelerated fruit ripening. Conversely, acs2‐2 has delayed seed germination, slower leaf senescence, and prolonged fruit ripening. The phytohormone profiles of mutants were mostly opposite in the leaves and fruits. The faster/slower senescence of acs2‐1/acs2‐2 leaves correlated with the endogenous ethylene/zeatin ratio. The genetic analysis showed that the metabolite profiles of respective mutants co‐segregated with the homozygous mutant progeny. Our results uncover that besides ripening, ACS2 participates in the vegetative and reproductive development of tomato. The distinct influence of ethylene on phytohormone profiles indicates the intertwining of ethylene action with other phytohormones in regulating plant development.
中文翻译：
番茄 1-氨基环丙烷羧酸合酶 2 的突变揭示了其在果实成熟之外的发育中的作用
乙烯在植物发育中的作用主要是从其外源应用中推断出来的。使用影响乙烯生物合成的突变体提供了一种更好的替代方法来破译其作用。在番茄 ( Solanum lycopersicum ) 中，1-氨基环丙烷羧酸合酶 2 (ACS2) 是调节成熟特异性乙烯生物合成的关键酶。我们描述了两个对比鲜明的acs2突变体；acs2-1过量产生乙烯，具有更高的 ACS 活性，并增加蛋白质水平，而acs2-2是乙烯生产不足者，表现出较低的 ACS 活性，并且具有比野生型低的蛋白质水平。与高/低乙烯排放一致，与野生型相比，突变体显示出相反的表型、生理反应和代谢组学特征。所述acs2-1突变体显示了早期种子萌发，更快的叶子衰老和加速果实成熟。相反，acs2-2延迟种子萌发、减缓叶片衰老和延长果实成熟时间。突变体的植物激素谱在叶片和果实中大多相反。acs2-1 / acs2-2的更快/更慢衰老叶与内源性乙烯/玉米素比率相关。遗传分析表明，各个突变体的代谢物谱与纯合突变体后代共分离。我们的研究结果表明，除了成熟，ACS2 还参与番茄的营养和生殖发育。乙烯对植物激素谱的明显影响表明乙烯作用与其他植物激素在调节植物发育方面相互交织。
更新日期：2020-12-28
中文翻译：
番茄 1-氨基环丙烷羧酸合酶 2 的突变揭示了其在果实成熟之外的发育中的作用
乙烯在植物发育中的作用主要是从其外源应用中推断出来的。使用影响乙烯生物合成的突变体提供了一种更好的替代方法来破译其作用。在番茄 ( Solanum lycopersicum ) 中，1-氨基环丙烷羧酸合酶 2 (ACS2) 是调节成熟特异性乙烯生物合成的关键酶。我们描述了两个对比鲜明的acs2突变体；acs2-1过量产生乙烯，具有更高的 ACS 活性，并增加蛋白质水平，而acs2-2是乙烯生产不足者，表现出较低的 ACS 活性，并且具有比野生型低的蛋白质水平。与高/低乙烯排放一致，与野生型相比，突变体显示出相反的表型、生理反应和代谢组学特征。所述acs2-1突变体显示了早期种子萌发，更快的叶子衰老和加速果实成熟。相反，acs2-2延迟种子萌发、减缓叶片衰老和延长果实成熟时间。突变体的植物激素谱在叶片和果实中大多相反。acs2-1 / acs2-2的更快/更慢衰老叶与内源性乙烯/玉米素比率相关。遗传分析表明，各个突变体的代谢物谱与纯合突变体后代共分离。我们的研究结果表明，除了成熟，ACS2 还参与番茄的营养和生殖发育。乙烯对植物激素谱的明显影响表明乙烯作用与其他植物激素在调节植物发育方面相互交织。
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