The essential criterion of selecting the site for building foundations is the underlying soil. This vital requirement stems from the associated potential for disaster should the ground condition be unstable. Conventionally, the method of geotechnical drilling is used in soil investigation work. However, this method is limited to providing subsurface information only at one particular point. This research aims to utilise geophysical methods to investigate the soil dynamic properties of various lithology types via application of electrical resistivity method (ERM), seismic refraction (SR), and multichannel analysis of surface wave (MASW) methods. The soil dynamic properties (bulk density, Poisson’s ratio, Young’s modulus, shear modulus, bulk modulus) and material bearing capacity (subgrade reaction coefficient, ultimate and allowable bearing capacity) were computed using a relative formula by using compressional wave (V_P) and shear wave velocities (V_S). The calculated values of soil dynamic properties and material bearing capacity for the three study areas are capable in determining the competency and stiffness of subsurface layers for building foundation. The results leading to this conclusion can be verified by the values of standard penetration test value (SPT-N) from borehole record. From this study, it is apparent that the soil dynamic properties and material bearing capacity values are essential to determine the competency of soil, in turn aiding in determining the area suitable for the shallow foundation to rest. Thus, geophysical methods are time- and cost-saving, as well as non-intrusive, recommended for site investigation before starting any construction work.

选择建造基础地点的基本标准是地下土壤。如果地面条件不稳定，则这一至关重要的要求源于相关的灾难隐患。传统上，岩土钻探方法用于土壤调查工作。但是，该方法仅限于仅在一个特定点提供地下信息。这项研究旨在利用地球物理方法，通过应用电阻率法（ERM），地震折射（SR）和表面波多通道分析（MASW）方法研究各种岩性类型的土壤动力学特性。土壤动力学特性（堆积密度，泊松比，杨氏模量，剪切模量，体积模量）和材料承载力（路基反应系数，_P）和剪切波速度（_VS）。三个研究区域的土壤动力学特性和材料承载力的计算值能够确定建筑基础地下层的能力和刚度。得出该结论的结果可以通过井眼记录中的标准渗透测试值（SPT-N）值进行验证。从这项研究中可以看出，土壤动力学特性和材料承载力值对于确定土壤的能力至关重要，进而有助于确定适合浅层基础休息的区域。因此，在开始任何建筑工作之前，建议在现场勘查中采用地球物理方法既省时又节省成本，并且非侵入性。