A stable uniaxial tensile testing method has been proposed for small specimens that can obtain stress-strain relations and strength of metallic materials. Based on energy equivalent assumptions, a semi-analytical model with five parameters has been put forward. Those parameters can be determined by a small amount of finite element analysis (FEA), and more extensive numerical validation is carried out on the model. By designing a simple installation fixture for the small specimens of which the parallel section is 1.2 mm in width and 5 mm in length, a series of uniaxial tensile tests have been performed with small specimens. It shows that the stress-strain relations and strength obtained by the small specimen testing method are consistent with those from standard round bar specimens. The small specimen test method will help to obtain the mechanical properties of materials in nuclear industry and other fields.

已经提出了一种稳定的单轴拉伸测试方法，该方法可用于获得金属材料的应力-应变关系和强度的小型试样。基于能量等效假设，提出了具有五个参数的半解析模型。可以通过少量的有限元分析（FEA）确定这些参数，并在模型上进行更广泛的数值验证。通过为平行截面宽度为1.2毫米，长度为5毫米的小样本设计一个简单的安装夹具，对小样本进行了一系列的单轴拉伸试验。结果表明，通过小试样测试方法获得的应力-应变关系和强度与标准圆棒试样的应力-应变关系和强度一致。