The use of biomass from forest harvesting residues or stumps for bioenergy has been increasing in the northern European region in the last decade. The present analysis is a regional review from Nordic and UK coniferous forests, focusing on the effects of whole-tree harvesting (WTH) or whole-tree thinning (WTT) and of WTH followed by stump removal (WTH + S) on the forest floor and mineral soil, and includes a wider array of chemistry data than other existing meta-analyses. All intensified treaments led to significant decreases of soil organic carbon (SOC) stock and total N stock in the forest floor (FF), but relative responses compared with stem-only harvesting were less consistent in the topsoil (TS) and no effects were detected in the subsoil (SS). Exchangeable P was reduced in the FF and TS both after WTT and WTH, but significant changes in exchangeable Ca, K, Mg and Zn depended on soil layer and treatment. WTH significantly lowered pH and base saturation (BS) in the FF, but without apparent changes in cation exchange capacity (CEC). The only significant WTH-effects in the SS were reductions in CEC and BS. Spruce- and pine-dominated stands had comparable negative relative responses in the FF for most elements measured except Mg and for pH. Relative responses to intensified harvesting scaled positively with growing season temperature and precipitation for most variables, most strongly in FF, less in the TS, but almost never in the SS, but were negative for P and Al. The greater reduction in FF and TS for soil organic carbon after intensive harvesting decreased with time and meta-regression models predicted an average duration of 20–30 years, while many other chemical parameters generally showed linear effects for 30–45 years after intensified harvesting. Exchangeable acidity (EA), BS and pH all showed the reversed effect with time, i.e. an initial increase and then gradual decrease over 24–45 years. The subsoil never showed a significant temporal effect. Our results generally support greater reductions in nutrient concentrations, SOC and total N in forest soil after WTH compared with SOH in northern temperate and boreal forest ecosystems.

在过去的十年中，北欧地区越来越多地将森林采伐残余物或树桩中的生物质用于生物能源。本分析是北欧和英国针叶林的区域回顾，重点是整树采伐（WTH）或整树间伐（WTT）和W​​TH的影响，然后在林地上进行树桩清除（WTH + S）和矿物土壤，并且比其他现有的荟萃分析包含的化学数据范围更广。所有强化处理均导致森林地表土壤（FF）的土壤有机碳（SOC）存量和总N存量显着减少，但表土（TS）中与仅茎秆收获相比的相对响应较不稳定，并且未发现任何影响在底土（SS）中。在WTT和WTH之后，FF和TS中的可交换P均降低，但是可交换的Ca，K，Mg和Zn的显着变化取决于土壤层和处理方式。WTH显着降低了FF中的pH和碱饱和度（BS），但阳离子交换容量（CEC）没有明显变化。SS中唯一显着的WTH效应是CEC和BS降低。对于大多数测得的元素（镁和pH值除外），FF中以云杉和松树为主的林分具有相当的负相对响应。对于大多数变量，对集约化的相对响应与生长季节的温度和降水成正比，在FF中最强，在TS中较少，但在SS中几乎没有，而P和Al则为负。集约采收后，土壤有机碳的FF和TS的较大减少随时间而下降，并且荟萃回归模型预测平均持续时间为20-30年，强化收割后的30-45年内，许多其他化学参数通常表现出线性效应。可交换酸度（EA），BS和pH均显示出随时间而逆转的作用，即在24-45年内先增加后逐渐减少。地下土壤从未显示出明显的时间效应。与北部温带和北方森林生态系统中的SOH相比，WTH后森林土壤中的养分浓度，SOC和总氮的降低总体上支持了我们的结果。