We propose a scalable computational framework to examine the effects of settlement patterns on the electrification of an entire country. We first propose a data processing strategy to convert structure locations, identified from satellite imagery, to estimated household locations using census data. Then, we present a computational framework that involves a two-level network design algorithm to find an abstract representation of the power distribution system at a national scale involving low voltage (LV) wires, medium voltage (MV) wires, and the transformers between the two levels of the system. Given the system components, we introduce three metrics for per-household connectivity requirements of LV and MV wires, and transformers to interpret our results at the administrative and the sub-administrative unit levels. With our administrative level analysis provided for 9.2 million structures in Kenya, we show that traditional rural/urban classification based on population density may not be enough and is often deceiving in estimating the cost of electrification and a new categorization based on our metrics provides more relevant estimates on the total cost. Moreover, our metrics can help determine the least-cost electrification option (e.g.,grid, mini-grid, or stand-alone systems) for expanding access in the sub-administrative unit level and create a platform to perform sensitivity analysis based on different cost components. Our work demonstrates the potential for improvements in universal electrification combining new and more detailed data sources with a scalable planning framework and helps governments achieve Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG7) more quickly and at lower cost.

我们提出了一个可扩展的计算框架，以研究沉降模式对整个国家电气化的影响。我们首先提出一种数据处理策略，以使用普查数据将根据卫星图像确定的结构位置转换为估计的家庭位置。然后，我们提出了一个包含两级网络设计算法的计算框架，以查找全国范围内的配电系统的抽象表示，包括低压（LV）电线，中压（MV）电线以及之间的变压器。系统的两个层次。给定系统组件，我们针对LV和MV电线的每个家庭连接性要求引入了三个度量标准，并引入了变压器来解释我们在行政和次行政单位级别的结果。通过对肯尼亚920万个建筑物进行的行政级别分析，我们表明，基于人口密度的传统农村/城市分类可能还不够，并且往往在估算电气化成本方面具有欺骗性，而基于我们的指标进行的新分类则提供了更多相关性估算总成本。此外，我们的指标可以帮助确定成本最低的电气化选项（例如，电网，小型电网或独立系统），以扩展子行政单位级别的访问权限，并创建一个平台来根据不同的成本进行敏感性分析组件。