Abstract—

by methods of transmission electron diffraction microscopy the layer-by-layer analysis was carried out and quantitative parameters of structural phase states, dislocation substructure, internal stress fields and particles of carbide phase in the head of 100-meter rails along the central axis and along the fillet after differentiated hardening were revealed. It was shown that differentiated hardening forms a morphologically multi-aspect structure presented by grains of lamellar perlite, ferrite-carbide mixture and structurally free ferrite in surface layers up to 10 mm in depth. It was determined that the structure being formed has a gradient character. The state of surface layer depends on direction of study (along central axis and along the fillet) and depth of occurrence of the layer under study. It was detected that relative content of structurally free ferrite grains and ferrite-carbide mixture grains decrease when distance from rail surface increases. The facts revealed as a result of the studies performed testify to a higher cooling rate of fillet surface with respect to surface material located along the central axis.

中文翻译：

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差别硬化下长轨细面的形成

摘要—

通过透射电子衍射显微镜法进行了逐层分析，并定量了沿中心轴和中心方向的100米钢轨头部的结构相态，位错亚结构，内部应力场和碳化物相的定量参数。显示了差异硬化后的圆角。结果表明，不同的硬化形成了层状珍珠岩，铁素体-碳化物混合物和结构自由的铁素体晶粒，其表面层的深度高达10 mm，形成了形态多样的结构。确定所形成的结构具有梯度特征。表面层的状态取决于研究方向（沿中心轴和沿着圆角）和研究层出现的深度。据检测，随着距钢轨表面距离的增加，结构上自由的铁素体晶粒和铁素体-碳化物混合物晶粒的相对含量降低。研究结果表明，相对于沿中心轴定位的表面材料，圆角表面的冷却速率更高。