Abstract

This paper presents the results of research on the synthesis of aluminum alloys of the Al–Si–Mg (Ak7ch), Al–Si–Mn (AK12), Al–Si–Cu–Mg (AK6M2), and Al–Mg–Mn (AMg5) systems using dispersed waste: beverage cans (Al–Mn–Mg system), sawdust of a cast alloy (Al–Si–Mg system), and twisted chips of deformable alloys of the Al–Cu–Mg and Al–Mg–Mn systems. A study of the microstructure of waste in the initial state is performed and the typical sizes of the main phases are determined. The main criteria for the quality of recyclable waste are determined: the purity (k_p), contact with the atmosphere (k_a), and maximum recovery of metal (М_Ме). Based on the proposed criteria, the waste is graded according to recycling efficiency. The lowest total score is assigned to cans of waste. Sawdust from the AK9ch alloy had the highest score. Experiments on the synthesis of Al–Si–Mg (Ak7ch), Al–Si–Mn (AK12), Al–Si–Cu–Mg (AK6M2), and Al–Mg–Mn (AMg5) alloys have shown that the usable yield varies from 82 to 96%. The minimum yield of usable material is set for the AK12 alloy, whose charge composition is dominated by beverage-can waste. The chemical compositions of the alloys in terms of the content of the main alloying and impurity elements meets the requirements of regulatory documentations. Tests of mechanical properties have shown that the synthesized alloys have a guaranteed margin of strength and plasticity in comparison with the requirements of regulatory documentation. Based on metallographic studies, it is found that the microstructure of synthesized alloys does not contain nonmetallic inclusions and gas porosity. Unmodified and modified samples from the Al–Mg–Mn alloy (AMg5) are subjected to cold rolling in several passes until cracks form. On the sample from an unmodified alloy, cracks appear after the tenth pass. The modified alloy sample withstands 12 passes before cracking. The degree of deformation in the thickness of the sample from the unmodified alloy is 60.5%; for the modified one it is 67.2%.

中文翻译：

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基于铝的分散废料合成铝合金。

摘要

本文介绍了Al–Si–Mg（Ak7ch），Al–Si–Mn（AK12），Al–Si–Cu–Mg（AK6M2）和Al–Mg–Mn铝合金的合成研究结果。 （AMg5）使用分散废物的系统：饮料罐（Al–Mn–Mg系统），铸造合金的锯末（Al–Si–Mg系统）以及Al–Cu–Mg和Al–Mg的可变形合金的扭曲碎片-Mn系统。对初始状态下的废物的微观结构进行了研究，并确定了主要相的典型尺寸。对于可回收废物质量的主要标准是确定：纯度（ķ _p），与大气（接触ķ_一个），和金属的最大回收率（М _ме）。根据提议的标准，根据回收效率对废物进行分级。总分最低的是垃圾桶。AK9ch合金的木屑得分最高。合成Al–Si–Mg（Ak7ch），Al–Si–Mn（AK12），Al–Si–Cu–Mg（AK6M2）和Al–Mg–Mn（AMg5）合金的实验表明，可用的收率从82％到96％不等。AK12合金的可用材料的最低产量已设定，其装料成分主要是饮料罐废物。就主要合金和杂质元素的含量而言，合金的化学成分符合法规文件的要求。力学性能测试表明，与法规文件的要求相比，合成合金具有保证的强度和塑性裕度。根据金相学研究，发现合成合金的微观结构不包含非金属夹杂物和气孔。来自Al-Mg-Mn合金（AMg5）的未改性样品和改性样品经过数次冷轧直至形成裂纹。在未经改性的合金样品上，第十次通过后会出现裂纹。改性合金样品在开裂前能经受12次通过。来自未改性合金的样品厚度的变形度为60.5％；修改后的比例为67.2％。第十遍后出现裂纹。改性合金样品在开裂前可经受12次通过。来自未改性合金的样品厚度的变形度为60.5％；修改后的比例为67.2％。第十遍后出现裂纹。改性合金样品在开裂前能经受12次通过。来自未改性合金的样品厚度的变形度为60.5％；修改后的比例为67.2％。