Experimental and analytical investigations into the synthesis of the ceramic material based on the Ti–Al system with a nanodimensional porous structure are performed. The results of previous studies of the collective of authors show that it is reasonable to produce porous ceramic materials intended to filtrate liquids and gases in the thermal explosion mode (over the entire sample bulk) rather than by the layer-by-layer combustion. Nanoporous ceramic membranes are fabricated by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) in one stage with the formation of the TiAl₃ compound from a mixture of powders, wt %: 40Ti + 60Al. It is established that the synthesized material consists of the main TiAl₃ phase with an insignificant amount of aluminum oxidized into Al₂O₃ and unreacted. Microstructural analysis of the sample fracture shows that the material has the developed surface and high open porosity. Its empirically determined magnitude reaches 48%, while the pore size ranges from 0.1 to 0.2 μm. The efficiency of fabricated porous material for the Ti–Al-based ceramic SHS filter reaches 99.999%, gas flow resistance is 100 mmHg, and filtration index is 0.062. The gas ultrafiltration capacity reaches 40 L(cm² h) at a pressure drop across the filter of 2 kPa, while that of water ranges from 2 to 10 L/(cm² h) at a pressure drop across the filter of 0.1 MPa. Membranes thus fabricated from ceramic materials with the gradient nanoporous structure can be used as filter elements for small installations providing fine water purification with the removal of bacteria, viruses, and dissolved organic carbon and for the fine purification of air and process gases with the removal of dispersed microimpurities and radioactive aerosols. The developed membrane SHS filters can be also demanded for installations operating in aggressive media and/or at high temperatures (up to 1000°C).

对具有纳米多孔结构的基于Ti-Al系统的陶瓷材料的合成进行了实验和分析研究。先前作者集体的研究结果表明，生产用于以热爆炸模式（在整个样品块中）而不是通过逐层燃烧来过滤液体和气体的多孔陶瓷材料是合理的。纳米多孔陶瓷膜是通过自蔓延高温合成（SHS）在一个阶段中制造的，该阶段由重量百分比为40Ti + 60Al的粉末混合物形成TiAl ₃化合物。确定合成材料由主要的TiAl ₃相组成，少量的铝被氧化成Al ₂O ₃和未反应。样品断裂的微观结构分析表明，该材料具有发达的表面和高孔隙率。它的经验确定的幅度达到48％，而孔径范围为0.1到0.2μm。用于Ti-Al基陶瓷SHS过滤器的多孔材料的制造效率达到99.999％，气体流动阻力为100 mmHg，过滤指数为0.062。 在整个过滤器的压降为2 kPa时，气体超滤能力达到40 L（cm ² h），而水的超滤能力为2至10 L /（cm ² h）过滤器两端的压降为0.1 MPa。因此，由具有梯度纳米孔结构的陶瓷材料制成的膜可用作小型装置的过滤器元件，可提供精细的水净化功能，去除细菌，病毒和溶解的有机碳，并用于空气和工艺气体的精细净化，同时去除污染物。分散的微量杂质和放射性气溶胶。在腐蚀性介质和/或高温（最高1000°C）下运行的安装中，也可能需要开发的膜式SHS过滤器。