A combined cold extrusion process is experimentally visualized to manufacture a drive shaft. Due to the requirements of a face width of about 92.00 mm for the spur gear section and a groove depth of roughly 22.70 mm for the internal spline region, a preform is adopted to prevent excessive accumulation of plastic deformation. AISI 1035 medium carbon steel material is spheroidized and annealed to use as the initial billet workpiece. In order to verify the deformed configuration and the dimensional accuracy, both shoulder angles of (θ₁, θ₂) are selected to be (30°, 30°) and (45°, 45°) on each extrusion die for the preform forging and the combined extrusion. Using the prepared tool components, experimental investigations on the dimensional relevancy of the cold forged drive shaft are performed. When the shoulder angle set of (30°, 30°) is applied, the required dimensions with respect to the face width and the groove depth are sufficiently satisfied, but unpredictable forging defects are observed. With the shoulder angles of (45°, 45°), the drive shaft is well deformed and fabricated without any cold forging defects. As a result, it is confirmed that the drive shaft can successfully be actualized with the dimensional precision satisfied by the combined cold extrusion.

组合冷挤压工艺通过实验可视化以制造驱动轴。由于要求正齿轮部分的端面宽度约为92.00 mm，内部花键区域的凹槽深度约为22.70 mm，因此采用了预成型坯以防止塑性变形的过度累积。将AISI 1035中碳钢材料球化并退火以用作初始坯料工件。为了验证该变形构造和尺寸精度，两者的肩（角θ ₁，θ ₂）在每个挤压模上选择（30°，30°）和（45°，45°）进行预成型件锻造和组合挤压。使用准备好的工具组件，对冷锻驱动轴的尺寸相关性进行了实验研究。当将肩角设定为（30°，30°）时，相对于表面宽度和凹槽深度的所需尺寸得到了充分满足，但是观察到了不可预测的锻造缺陷。肩角为（45°，45°）时，驱动轴变形良好，制造时没有任何冷锻缺陷。结果，确认了驱动轴可以成功地实现通过组合冷挤压满足的尺寸精度。