Abstract

The creation of protective forests is especially difficult in arid regions of Russia, and global warming can further affect their ability to persist. In this study climatogenic changes in forest growing conditions are examined in the Northern Caspian region, taking into account that the functioning of forest stands is limited on historically treeless lands: authomorphic meliorated solonetz soils and calcisoles (by the extra moisture of winter snowfalls and the humidity levels during the vegetational period), as well as intrazonal hydromorphic gleyic kastanozems of the local relief depressions (by the inexhaustibility of freshwater lenses in salty subterranean waters based on its periodic resupply by the spring surface flow every 2–4 years). For forest stands established on automorphic soils, a prolonged period of annual draughts and mild winters with little snow deposit in forest lands has proven to be the most dangerous. During such periods, the large-scale death of trees is observed and many forest stands are ruined. For forest stands on hydromorphic soils, such periods prove to be just as dangerous because of the 15-year-long absence of spring surface flow. Such a climatogenic scenario of long-termed deterioration of forest growing conditions in the Northern Caspian region is similar to the southernmost regions of Russia that are currently totally unable to sustain forests, with unstable snow cover and frequent draughts.

中文翻译：

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干旱森林的气候成因限制

摘要

在俄罗斯干旱地区，创建防护林尤其困难，全球变暖会进一步影响其生存能力。在这项研究中，研究了北里海地区森林生长条件的气候成因变化，考虑到林分的功能仅限于历史上无树的土地：原形改良的松质松土和小结（由于冬季降雪和湿度的额外水分）植被阶段的水平），以及局部起伏洼地的带内水状大片状kastanozems（由于咸水在地下2-4年的周期性补给，这是由于淡水晶状体在咸地下水中的取之不尽）。对于在同质土壤上建立的林分，事实证明，长期抽风和冬季温和，林地积雪少是最危险的。在此期间，观察到树木的大规模死亡，许多林分被毁。对于处于水溶土壤上的林分，由于春季地表流缺乏15年，因此这种时期被证明是同样危险的。北里海地区森林生长条件长期恶化的这种气候成因情景类似于俄罗斯最南端的地区，该地区目前完全无法维持森林，积雪不稳定且经常出风。由于缺乏15年的春季地表水流，这种时期被证明是同样危险的。北里海地区森林生长条件长期恶化的这种气候成因情景类似于俄罗斯最南端的地区，该地区目前完全无法维持森林，积雪不稳定且经常出风。由于缺乏15年的春季地表水流，这种时期被证明是同样危险的。北里海地区森林生长条件长期恶化的这种气候成因情景类似于俄罗斯最南端的地区，该地区目前完全无法维持森林，积雪不稳定且经常出风。