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Characterizing Canopy Openness in Open Forests: Spherical Densiometer and Canopy Photography Are Equivalent but Less Sensitive than Direct Measurements of Solar Radiation
Journal of Forestry ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-26 , DOI: 10.1093/jofore/fvaa052
Emily Russavage 1 , Jake Thiele 2 , Joanna Lumbsden-Pinto 3 , Kathy Schwager 4 , Tim Green 4 , Martin Dovciak 3
Affiliation  

In forest ecosystems, canopy openness affects understory light availability, plant growth, and tree species recruitment, thus shaping future forest composition, structure, and functional diversity. Foresters must correctly and quickly measure canopy openness to meet their management objectives. To help guide the selection of an appropriate method for measuring canopy openness, we compared three common techniques that vary in cost, complexity, and time required for measurements and data processing: smartphone-based hemispherical photography, spherical densiometer measurements, and direct measurements of solar radiation (using AccuPAR ceptometer). We measured canopy openness using these three methods on 28 permanent forest health monitoring plots in pine-oak forests of the Central Pine Barrens of Long Island in New York State. By analysis of variance and regression analyses, we found the three methods (particularly densiometer and hemispherical photographs) yielded broadly equivalent and strongly positively correlated descriptions of canopy openness. The direct measurements of solar radiation seemed to have a greater potential to detect subtle variation in forest understory light. Forest managers may sufficiently characterize canopy openness using quick and cheap methods (e.g., spherical densiometers) and avoid larger costs of devices for direct light measurements (e.g., ceptometers) and the larger data-processing times of hemispherical photography.

中文翻译:

表征开阔森林中的冠层开放度:球形密度计和冠层摄影是等效的,但比直接测量太阳辐射敏感度低

在森林生态系统中,树冠的开放度会影响林下的光能利用率,植物生长和树木的招募,从而影响未来的森林组成,结构和功能多样性。林务员必须正确,迅速地测量树冠的开放度,以实现其管理目标。为了帮助指导选择合适的测量冠层张开度的方法,我们比较了三种常见的技术,这些技术的成本,复杂性和测量和数据处理所需的时间各不相同:基于智能手机的半球摄影,球面密度计测量和太阳能的直接测量辐射(使用AccuPAR接受度计)。我们使用这三种方法在纽约州长岛中部松树贫瘠地区的松栎林中的28个永久性森林健康监测区上测量了冠层的开放度。通过方差分析和回归分析,我们发现这三种方法(特别是密度计和半球照片)产生的冠层张开度的描述大致相同且正相关性很强。太阳辐射的直接测量似乎具有更大的潜力来检测森林地下光的细微变化。森林管理者可以使用快速,廉价的方法(例如球形密度计)充分描述树冠的开放性,并避免用于直接光测量的设备(例如接受度计)的较大成本以及半球摄影的较大数据处理时间。太阳辐射的直接测量似乎具有更大的潜力来检测森林地下光的细微变化。森林管理者可以使用快速,廉价的方法(例如球形密度计)充分描述树冠的开放性,并避免用于直接光测量的设备(例如接受度计)的较大成本以及半球摄影的较大数据处理时间。太阳辐射的直接测量似乎具有更大的潜力来检测森林地下光的细微变化。森林管理者可以使用快速,廉价的方法(例如球形密度计)充分描述树冠的开放性,并避免用于直接光测量的设备(例如接受度计)的较大成本以及半球摄影的较大数据处理时间。
更新日期:2020-12-26
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