Abstract

Drought and zinc (Zn) deficiency are serious biotic stress factors that restrict plant growth and agricultural production in arid and semi-arid regions, especially when they take place concurrently. Wheat is most commonly cultivated in these regions, where the topsoil often remains dry during the grain-filling stage, and this can result in wheat yield losses. Different Zn application strategies, including untreated seed (0 Zn), hydropriming (0 Z), seed priming (5 mM), seed coating (1.5 g Zn/kg seeds), soil application (10 kg Zn/ha), foliar spray 0.5%, and two combinations of soil application with foliar (10 kg Zn/ha + 0.5%) and seed coating with foliar (1.5 g Zn/kg seeds + 0.5%) were compared under controlled-growth chamber and greenhouse experiment (20–25 °C and 70% RH) conditions to evaluate the grain yield, chlorophyll content, and leaf area indices of two wheat varieties under drought and Zn-deficiency stresses. The results show that the losses of grain yield because of drought and Zn-deficiency stresses reached up to 8% in Imam and 15% in Altindane, compared to the well-watered yields for both test varieties. However, Zn application through seed coating and the combination of seed coating with foliar spray improved the yields under drought stress by 10.8% and 9.5% in Imam and by 14% and 17% in Altindane, respectively. Drought stress and Zn deficiency caused deleterious effects on the chlorophyll content and leaf area indices. Nevertheless, the application of seed coating and seed coating + foliar spray with Zn improved the chlorophyll content, compared to the untreated seed.

摘要

干旱和锌缺乏是严重的生物胁迫因素，限制了干旱和半干旱地区的植物生长和农业生产，特别是同时发生时。在这些地区最常种植小麦，在这些地区，表层土壤在灌浆期通常保持干燥，这可能导致小麦单产下降。不同的锌施用策略，包括未处理的种子（0 Zn），加水底漆（0 Z），种子底漆（5 mM），种子包衣（1.5 g Zn / kg种子），土壤施用（10 kg Zn / ha），叶面喷洒0.5 ％，在控制生长室和温室试验（20–25）下，比较了叶面施肥（10 kg Zn / ha + 0.5％）和叶面施种种子（1.5 g Zn / kg种子+ 0.5％）的两种组合。 °C和70％RH）条件下评估谷物产量，叶绿素含量，干旱和缺锌胁迫下两个小麦品种的叶片面积指数 结果表明，与干旱和锌缺乏胁迫相比，伊玛目和阿丁达因的干旱使锌产量损失高达8％，而两个试验品种的水分充足，产量损失则高达15％。但是，通过种子包衣施用锌以及将种子包衣与叶面喷洒相结合，在干旱胁迫下，伊玛目的产量提高了10.8％和9.5％，而阿丁烷的产量分别提高了14％和17％。干旱和锌缺乏对叶绿素含量和叶面积指数造成有害影响。尽管如此，与未处理的种子相比，种子包衣和种子包衣+叶面喷施锌可以改善叶绿素含量。结果表明，与干旱和锌缺乏胁迫相比，伊玛目和阿丁达因的干旱使锌产量损失高达8％，而两个试验品种的水分充足，产量损失则高达15％。但是，通过种子包衣施用锌以及将种子包衣与叶面喷洒相结合，在干旱胁迫下，伊玛目的产量提高了10.8％和9.5％，而阿丁烷的产量分别提高了14％和17％。干旱和锌缺乏对叶绿素含量和叶面积指数造成有害影响。尽管如此，与未处理的种子相比，种子包衣和种子包衣+叶面喷施锌可以改善叶绿素含量。结果表明，与干旱和锌缺乏胁迫相比，伊玛目和阿丁达因的干旱使锌产量损失高达8％，而两个试验品种的水分充足，产量损失则高达15％。但是，通过种子包衣施用锌以及将种子包衣与叶面喷洒相结合，在干旱胁迫下，伊玛目的产量提高了10.8％和9.5％，而阿丁烷的产量分别提高了14％和17％。干旱和锌缺乏对叶绿素含量和叶面积指数造成有害影响。然而，与未处理的种子相比，种子包衣和种子包衣+叶面喷施锌可以改善叶绿素含量。但是，通过种子包衣施用锌以及将种子包衣与叶面喷洒相结合，在干旱胁迫下，伊玛目的产量提高了10.8％和9.5％，而阿丁烷的产量分别提高了14％和17％。干旱和锌缺乏对叶绿素含量和叶面积指数造成有害影响。尽管如此，与未处理的种子相比，种子包衣和种子包衣+叶面喷施锌可以改善叶绿素含量。但是，通过种子包衣施用锌以及将种子包衣与叶面喷洒相结合，在干旱胁迫下，伊玛目的产量提高了10.8％和9.5％，而阿丁烷的产量分别提高了14％和17％。干旱和锌缺乏对叶绿素含量和叶面积指数造成有害影响。尽管如此，与未处理的种子相比，种子包衣和种子包衣+叶面喷施锌可以改善叶绿素含量。