Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) toxic effects can overwhelm endogenous antioxidants and affect recuperation in fish. Thus, this study assessed antioxidative properties and ameliorating potentials of dietary supplemented garlic (D1), propolis (D2), and wakame (D3) on i) Cd bioconcentration, and ii) Cd induced toxicity during recuperation in Cd exposed Japanese medaka. In a 21-day exposure, control (0.0 mg Cd/L in water—C1) or Cd-treatment (0.3 mg Cd/L in water—T1) fish were fed medaka diets. Surviving fish in T1 were further depurated for 21-days and fed D1, D2, D3, or medaka diet (C2). Gill, liver, and muscle tissues were assessed weekly for Cd bioconcentration, metallothionein, (MT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total glutathione (GSH), and lipid peroxidation (LPO). Results showed reduced antioxidant activity by significantly increasing tissue Cd and LPO, and significantly reducing SOD activity and GSH content in gill and muscle upon Cd exposure. In contrast, D1, D2, and D3 diets significantly reduced tissue Cd and LPO, while increasing contents of MT and GSH, and SOD activity, significantly. Other condition indices in D1, D2 and D3 groups were also significantly higher than those in C2 groups. In conclusion, dietary supplementation significantly increased recuperation and tissue functions in fish, in the order D1 > D2 > D3> C2.

摘要

镉（Cd）的毒性作用会淹没内源性抗氧化剂，并影响鱼类的休养。因此，这项研究评估了膳食补充大蒜（D1），蜂胶（D2）和裙带菜（D3）对i）Cd生物浓缩和ii）Cd暴露于Cd暴露的日本medaka休养期间Cd诱导的毒性的抗氧化特性和改善的潜力。在21天的暴露中，给对照组鱼（水中0.0 mg Cd / L-C1）或镉处理（水中0.3 mg Cd / L-T1）饲喂高日粮。将T1中幸存的鱼进一步净化21天，并饲喂D1，D2，D3或（C2）。每周评估ill，肝脏和肌肉组织的Cd生物浓度，金属硫蛋白（MT），超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），总谷胱甘肽（GSH）和脂质过氧化（LPO）。结果表明，通过显着增加组织中的Cd和LPO，抗氧化活性降低，并显着降低了镉暴露后g和肌肉中的SOD活性和GSH含量。相反，D1，D2和D3日粮显着减少了组织Cd和LPO，同时显着增加了MT和GSH的含量以及SOD活性。D1，D2和D3组的其他状况指标也显着高于C2组。总之，膳食补充剂以D1> D2> D3> C2的顺序显着提高了鱼类的健康和组织功能。