ABSTRACT

Objective: To study whether memory control beliefs predict response to memory training, or change as a result of participating in memory training.

Methods: Eighty community based participants with subjective memory complaints Community-based study at UCLA were randomized to one of three conditions: Memory Training, the program consisted of weekly 120-minute classes featuring instruction in three specific strategies: Method of Loci; Chunking Technique; and Face-Name Association, Health Education or Wait-List over seven weeks. All participants underwent pre- and 1-week post-intervention follow-up memory testing for recalling word lists (in serial order and any order) and face-name pairs. Memory control beliefs were assessed at baseline and follow-up using the Memory Controllability Inventory, which consists of four subscales; Present Ability; Potential Improvement; Effort Utility; and Inevitable Decrement.

Results: Sixty-three participants (mean age [SD] 68.3 [6.7] years) were included in the analysis. ANCOVA revealed significant group differences in the Present Ability subscale, F_2,58 = 4.93, p =.01. Participants in the Memory Training group significantly improved on the Present Ability subscale compared to the Health Education group (mean difference =.96, SE =.31, p =.003, effect size = 0.93). From regression analyses, baseline Memory Controllability Inventory subscales did not significantly predict memory performance after memory training.

Conclusions: Baseline memory control beliefs did not predict memory performance following the intervention, but participating in memory training enhanced memory control beliefs about current memory function. These results suggest that participating in memory training can enhance confidence in one’s memory ability.

摘要

目的：研究记忆控制信念是预测记忆训练的反应，还是因参加记忆训练而改变。

方法：80位以主观记忆为主的社区参与者，在UCLA进行的以社区为基础的研究被随机分配到以下三个条件之一：记忆训练，该课程包括每周120分钟的课程，以三种特定策略进行指导：分块技术；和人名协会，健康教育或候补名单超过七个星期。所有参与者在干预前和干预后1周进行了后续记忆测试，以调出单词列表（按顺序和任何顺序）和面部名称对。记忆控制信念在基线和随访时使用记忆可控制性调查表进行评估，该调查表由四个分量表组成；现有能力；潜在的改善；努力效用；和不可避免的减少。

结果：63名参与者（平均年龄[SD] 68.3 [6.7]岁）被纳入分析。ANCOVA在“当前能力”子量表中显示出显着的组差异，F _2,58  = 4.93，p = .01。与健康教育组相比，记忆训练组的参与者在当前能力子量表上有显着改善（平均差异= .96，SE = .31，p = .003，效应量= 0.93）。通过回归分析，基线记忆可控性清单子量表不能显着预测记忆训练后的记忆表现。

结论：基线记忆控制信念不能预测干预后的记忆表现，但参加记忆训练可增强关于当前记忆功能的记忆控制信念。这些结果表明，参加记忆训练可以增强人们对记忆能力的信心。