In this study we analyzed the response of parafollicular cells in rat thyroid gland after exposure to radiofrequency at 2.45 GHz using a subthermal experimental diathermy model. Forty-two Sprague Dawley rats, divided into two groups of 21 rats each, were individually exposed at 0 (control), 3 or 12 W in a Gigahertz Transverse Electro-Magnetic (GTEM) chamber for 30 min. After radiation, we used simple or fluorescence immunohistochemistry to measure calcitonin cells or cellular stress levels, indicated by the presence hyperplasia of parafollicular cells, heat shock protein (HSP) 90. Immunomarking of calcitonin-positive cells was statistically significant higher in the thyroid tissue of rats exposed to 2.45 GHz radiofrequency and cell hyperplasia appeared 90 min after radiation at the SAR levels studied. At the same time, co-localized expression of HSP-90 and calcitonin in parafollicular cells was statistically significant attenuated 90 min after radiation and remained statistically significantly low 24 h after radiation, even though parafollicular cell levels normalized. These facts indicate that subthermal radiofrequency (RF) at 2.45 GHz constitutes a negative external stress stimulus that alters the activity and homeostasis of parafollicular cells in the rat thyroid gland. However, further research is needed to determine if there is toxic action in human C cells.

在这项研究中，我们使用亚温实验透热疗法模型分析了暴露于 2.45 GHz 射频后大鼠甲状腺滤泡旁细胞的反应。将 42 只 Sprague Dawley 大鼠分为两组，每组 21 只，分别在千兆赫横向电磁 (GTEM) 室中以 0（对照）、3 或 12 W 功率暴露 30 分钟。放射后，我们使用简单或荧光免疫组织化学来测量降钙素细胞或细胞应激水平，由滤泡旁细胞、热休克蛋白（HSP）90的存在增生表明。降钙素阳性细胞的免疫标记在甲状腺组织中显着较高。暴露于 2.45 GHz 射频的大鼠在所研究的 SAR 水平的辐射后 90 分钟出现细胞增生。与此同时，尽管滤泡旁细胞水平正常化，滤泡旁细胞中 HSP-90 和降钙素的共定位表达在辐射后 90 分钟显着减弱，并且在辐射后 24 小时仍保持统计学显着低水平。这些事实表明，2.45 GHz 的低温射频 (RF) 构成负外部应激刺激，改变大鼠甲状腺中滤泡旁细胞的活动和稳态。然而，还需要进一步的研究来确定人类 C 细胞是否具有毒性作用。