Comparative metabolomics analysis of pigmentary and structural coloration in discus fish (Symphysodon haraldi),Journal of Proteomics

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Comparative metabolomics analysis of pigmentary and structural coloration in discus fish (Symphysodon haraldi)
Journal of Proteomics ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-27 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.104085
Bo-Tian Yang ₁ , Bin Wen ₁ , Yu Ji ₁ , Qin Wang ₁ , Hao-Ran Zhang ₁ , Yuan Zhang ₁ , Jian-Zhong Gao ₁ , Zai-Zhong Chen ₁

Affiliation

Discus fish have a variety of body colors including pigmentary and structural colors, studies on specific substances and related metabolic pathways associated with body coloration, however, are scarce to the present. Here, we used single-color (blue, yellow and white) of discus for comparative metabolomics analysis of pigmentary and structural coloration. Statistical model showed significant separations between three colors of discus, suggesting the distinct metabolite profiles of discus pigmentary and structural colors. More astaxanthin was found in yellow discus, which might be the cause of yellow pigmentary color. Moreover, docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine, dodecanoic acid and myristic acid related to lipid metabolism and pathways of ABC transporters and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids were more enriched in yellow discus. More adenine, xanthine and hypoxanthine were enriched in blue discus, which might account for the blue structural color. Moreover, amino acids associated with purine biosynthesis, e.g., L-alanine and L-isoleucine, were reduced but pathways of protein digestion and absorption, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, purine metabolism and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism were enriched in blue discus. Overall, these results reveal specific chromophores and related metabolic pathways involved in pigmentary and structural coloration of discus fish.

Significance

We detected specific chromophores present in skin of pigmentary and structural colors of discus and revealed potential metabolic pathways associated with body coloration. These results contribute to our understanding of the mechanism of body color formation in discus fish.

中文翻译：

铁饼鱼（Symphysodon haraldi）色素和结构色素的比较代谢组学分析

铁饼鱼具有多种体色，包括色素和结构色，对特定物质和与体色相关的相关代谢途径的研究目前还很少。在这里，我们使用铁饼的单色（蓝色，黄色和白色）进行色素和结构着色的比较代谢组学分析。统计模型显示出铁饼的三种颜色之间的显着分离，表明铁饼的色素和结构色具有明显的代谢物特征。在黄色铁饼中发现了更多的虾青素，这可能是黄色色素的原因。另外，二十二碳六烯酸，花生四烯酸，亚油酸，二十碳五烯酸，1-硬脂酰基-2-油酰基-sn-甘油3-磷酸胆碱，黄色铁饼中与脂质代谢和ABC转运蛋白的途径以及不饱和脂肪酸的生物合成有关的十二烷酸和肉豆蔻酸含量更高。更多的腺嘌呤，黄嘌呤和次黄嘌呤富含蓝色铁饼，这可能是蓝色结构色的原因。此外，减少了与嘌呤生物合成相关的氨基酸，例如L-丙氨酸和L-异亮氨酸，但蓝色铁饼中丰富了蛋白质消化和吸收，氨酰基-tRNA生物合成，嘌呤代谢和甘氨酸，丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢的途径。总体而言，这些结果揭示了铁饼鱼色素和结构着色所涉及的特定发色团和相关的代谢途径。黄嘌呤和次黄嘌呤富含蓝色铁饼，这可能是蓝色的结构颜色。此外，减少了与嘌呤生物合成相关的氨基酸，例如L-丙氨酸和L-异亮氨酸，但蓝色铁饼中丰富了蛋白质消化和吸收，氨酰基-tRNA生物合成，嘌呤代谢和甘氨酸，丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢的途径。总体而言，这些结果揭示了铁饼鱼色素和结构着色所涉及的特定发色团和相关的代谢途径。黄嘌呤和次黄嘌呤富含蓝色铁饼，这可能是蓝色的结构颜色。此外，减少了与嘌呤生物合成相关的氨基酸，例如L-丙氨酸和L-异亮氨酸，但蓝色铁饼中丰富了蛋白质消化和吸收，氨酰基-tRNA生物合成，嘌呤代谢和甘氨酸，丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢的途径。总的来说，这些结果揭示了铁饼鱼色素和结构着色所涉及的特定发色团和相关的代谢途径。丝状和苏氨酸代谢丰富于蓝色铁饼。总的来说，这些结果揭示了铁饼鱼色素和结构着色所涉及的特定发色团和相关的代谢途径。丝状和苏氨酸代谢丰富于蓝色铁饼。总的来说，这些结果揭示了铁饼鱼色素和结构着色所涉及的特定发色团和相关的代谢途径。