Abstract The inclusion of by-products in composite pellet feeds could be a strategy to recycle nutritional components and a commercial opportunity for feeds industries. Aim of this study was to evaluate if the use of small amount of dried by-products containing polyphenols could alter rumen fermentation parameters and microbiota in dairy ewes. Thirty-six ewes (9 animals per group) were fed control diet (CON), and diets supplemented with 100 g/d per animal of tomato pomace (TP), 100 g/d per animal of grape marc (GM), and 75 g/d per animal of exhausted myrtle berries (EMB). Treatment showed significant effects only on pH, whereas sampling time affected almost all rumen fermentation parameters. No differences in the proportion of any phylum were detected in GM group compared to CON group. TP, compared to CON, evidenced higher abundance of Proteobacteria phylum (counts of 4.86; log fold chain of 5.61) which was dominated by Acetobacteraceae family with Acetobacter genus. The supplementation of EMB resulted in higher abundance of Succinivibrionaceae and lower abundance of Veillonellaceae family. Furthermore, in EMB group the Paraprevotellaceae and Prevotellaceae families dominated the phylum of Bacteroidetes. This phylum was significantly different between EMB and CON diet (counts of 57.06; log fold change of 1.10). The estimated production of methane and rumen fermentation parameters were not affected by the diets. The supplementation in small doses of GM, TP and EMB in the diets of sheep did not evidence a clear variation in rumen fermentation parameters nor changes in the general structure of rumen microbiota. HIGHLIGHTS The agroindustrial by-products did not affect the rumen biochemical parameters. The structure of bacteria community was influenced by EMB diet. GM and TP diets did not increase rumen ammonia.

中文翻译：

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来自番茄、葡萄和桃金娘的农业工业副产品以低剂量给予泌乳母羊：对瘤胃参数和微生物群的影响

摘要 在复合颗粒饲料中加入副产品可能是一种回收营养成分的策略，也是饲料行业的商业机会。本研究的目的是评估使用少量含有多酚的干燥副产品是否会改变奶羊的瘤胃发酵参数和微生物群。给 36 只母羊（每组 9 只动物）喂食对照饮食 (CON)，并在饮食中添加每只动物 100 克/天的番茄渣 (TP)、每只动物 100 克/天的葡萄渣 (GM) 和 75 g/d 每只动物用尽的桃金娘浆果 (EMB)。处理仅对 pH 值有显着影响，而采样时间几乎影响所有瘤胃发酵参数。与 CON 组相比，在 GM 组中未检测到任何门的比例差异。TP，与CON相比，证明变形菌门的丰度更高（计数为 4.86；对数折叠链为 5.61），其主要由醋杆菌属的醋杆菌科家族主导。EMB 的补充导致琥珀弧菌科的丰度更高，而 Veillonellaceae 科的丰度更低。此外，在EMB组中，拟杆菌门中以副普氏菌科和普氏菌科为主。该门在 EMB 和 CON 饮食之间存在显着差异（计数为 57.06；对数倍数变化为 1.10）。估计的甲烷产量和瘤胃发酵参数不受日粮的影响。在绵羊日粮中添加小剂量 GM、TP 和 EMB 并没有证明瘤胃发酵参数有明显变化，瘤胃微生物群的一般结构也没有变化。亮点 农工业副产品不影响瘤胃生化参数。细菌群落结构受 EMB 饮食的影响。GM 和 TP 日粮没有增加瘤胃氨。