In the coming years, Earth Observation missions like the FLuorescence EXplorer (FLEX) will acquire the radiance signal from the visible to the near-infrared at a very high spectral resolution, enabling exciting prospects for new insights in satellite-based photosynthetic studies. In this context, the process of de-coupling atmospheric and vegetation-related spectral signatures will become essential to guarantee a reliable estimation of the vegetation photosynthetic activity from space. Dynamic changes related to the vegetation photosynthetic status result in subtle contributions to the top of atmosphere radiance signal, e.g. due to the emission of the solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (~ 650–800 nm) or due to changes in surface reflectance spectra (500–600 nm) indicating variations in the vegetation photoprotection and light use efficiency. Conversely, atmospheric effects (molecular and aerosol absorption and scattering) dominate the spectral interval of interest for vegetation studies. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the atmospheric radiative effects caused by aerosols, ozone (O₃), water vapor (H₂O), oxygen (O₂), and atmospheric pressure and temperature changes within the visible and near-infrared spectral interval, and paying special attention to the co-occurring vegetation-related spectral changes associated with the fluorescence emission and the activation of the photoprotection mechanisms. Since the largest uncertainties in the atmospheric correction process are associated with the characterization of the aerosol radiative effects, this work largely concentrates on the satellite retrieval-related implications under different aerosol absorbing and scattering scenarios on a global scale. Through a simulation exercise, it is evaluated to what extent aerosol climatology could influence the accuracy of satellite-derived surface apparent reflectance spectra impacting; therefore, any vegetation-related satellite product on a seasonal and global scale.

在未来的几年中，诸如荧光EXplorer（FLEX）之类的地球观测任务将以非常高的光谱分辨率获取从可见光到近红外的辐射信号，从而为基于卫星的光合作用研究提供了新的见识。在这种情况下，解耦大气和植被相关光谱特征的过程对于确保可靠地从空间估算植被光合作用将变得至关重要。与植被光合作用状况有关的动态变化导致对大气辐射信号顶部的微妙贡献，例如，由于太阳诱导的叶绿素荧光的发射（约650-800 nm）或表面反射光谱的变化（500-500 nm） 600 nm）表示植被光保护和光利用效率的变化。相反，大气效应（分子和气溶胶的吸收和散射）支配着用于植被研究的光谱区间。本文全面概述了由气溶胶，臭氧（O₃），水蒸气（H ₂ O），氧气（O ₂），大气压力和温度在可见光和近红外光谱区间内变化，并特别注意与荧光发射和光保护机制激活相关的与植被相关的共同发生的光谱变化。由于大气校正过程中最大的不确定性与气溶胶辐射效应的特征有关，因此这项工作主要集中在全球范围内不同气溶胶吸收和散射情况下与卫星检索有关的影响。通过模拟演习，评估了气溶胶气候在多大程度上可以影响人造卫星表面视在反射光谱的影响；因此，在季节和全球范围内与植被有关的任何卫星产品。