Nanocrystal-based formulations were investigated as a novel technology to increase the fungicide efficacies of azoxystrobin (AZY), cyproconazole (CYP), and their combination (AZY + CYP) against peanut smut caused by Thecaphora frezii. The nano-sized formulations were compared with commercially-available formulations according to their performance under laboratory, semi-controlled, and field conditions. During in vitro assays, the reductions in EC₅₀ values evidenced the superior antifungal activity of nanocrystals against T. frezii. Based on disease incidences and severities observed in experiments under semi-controlled conditions, nano-based formulations containing cyproconazole (CYP) and its combination provided better control of peanut smut than their respective conventional formulations. Nano-sized formulations containing CYP and AZY + CYP also provided similar control when applied at half-rate and showed potential for reducing the amount of fungicide applied to the field. A remarkable variation in peanut smut epidemics was observed in field experiments. During the first year of experiments, only the nano-based formulations containing AZY and AZY + CYP provided significant disease control. However, formulations with CYP produced the lowest degree of disease incidence and severity in the subsequent growing season, although no differences among formulations were observed. Based on this study, nanocrystals have demonstrated potential to enhance the performance of fungicides currently used to control peanut smut.

研究了基于纳米晶体的制剂，以增加一种新技术来提高嘧菌酯（AZY），环丙唑（CYP）以及它们的组合（AZY + CYP）的杀菌作用，以防止frezii引起的花生黑穗病。根据其在实验室，半控制和田间条件下的性能，将纳米级配方与市售配方进行了比较。在体外分析过程中，EC ₅₀值的降低证明了纳米晶体对费氏螺旋体的优异抗真菌活性。。基于在半控制条件下的实验中观察到的疾病发病率和严重程度，含有环丙康唑（CYP）及其组合的纳米配方比其各自的常规配方能更好地控制花生黑穗病。含有CYP和AZY + CYP的纳米级制剂以半量施用时也提供了类似的控制，并显示出减少应用于该领域的杀菌剂数量的潜力。在田间试验中观察到花生黑穗病流行的显着变化。在实验的第一年中，只有包含AZY和AZY + CYP的纳米配方可以有效控制疾病。然而，尽管未观察到制剂之间的差异，但是在随后的生长季节中，具有CYP的制剂产生的疾病发病率和严重程度最低。