With the development of software-defined network and programmable data-plane technology, in-band network telemetry has emerged. In-band network telemetry technology collects hop-by-hop network status information through business packets to achieve end-to-end visualization of network services. In-band network telemetry uses the data plane to directly drive the network measurement process, subverting the research idea of traditional network measurement that treats network switching device as an intermediate black box. In-band network telemetry technology has the advantages of flexible programming, strong real-time, less noise and path-level network status perception, etc. It has become an emerging representative of network telemetry technology and has received extensive attention from academia and industry.

In this survey, we conduct a comprehensive investigation on the situation of in-band network telemetry technology. Firstly, we review the different development stages of network measurement and give a chronology. And we sort out the development history and research results of in-band network telemetry. Secondly, we introduce in detail several existing representative solutions of in-band network telemetry, including INT, IOAM, AM-PM and ANT, in terms of systems, implementation idea, technical features, standardization, and research results. Thirdly, we analyze several key technologies of the in-band network telemetry system, which runs through data generation, export, storage, and analysis. We summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the existing solutions. Moreover, we investigate the latest applications of in-band network telemetry from two aspects: performance measurement and function measurement. Furthermore, we highlight the technical opportunities brought by in-band network telemetry technology to network measurement and management, as well as several technical challenges and future research directions.

随着软件定义网络和可编程数据平面技术的发展，带内网络遥测技术应运而生。带内网络遥测技术通过业务数据包收集逐跳网络状态信息，以实现网络服务的端到端可视化。带内网络遥测使用数据平面直接驱动网络测量过程，颠覆了将网络交换设备视为中间黑匣子的传统网络测量的研究思想。带内网络遥测技术具有编程灵活，实时性强，噪声少和路径级网络状态感知等优点。它已成为网络遥测技术的新兴代表，受到了学术界和业界的广泛关注。

在这项调查中，我们对带内网络遥测技术的状况进行了全面调查。首先，我们回顾了网络测量的不同发展阶段，并给出了时间顺序。梳理了带内网络遥测技术的发展历史和研究成果。其次，我们从系统，实现思路，技术特点，标准化和研究成果等方面详细介绍了几种现有的带内网络遥测代表性解决方案，包括INT，IOAM，AM-PM和ANT。第三，我们分析了带内网络遥测系统的几种关键技术，这些技术贯穿于数据生成，导出，存储和分析。我们总结了现有解决方案的优缺点。此外，我们从两个方面研究带内网络遥测的最新应用：性能测量和功能测量。此外，我们重点介绍了带内网络遥测技术为网络测量和管理带来的技术机遇，以及一些技术挑战和未来的研究方向。