Noninvasive low-intensity focused ultrasound pulsation (LIFUP) neuromodulation provides a unique approach to both investigating and treating the brain. This work describes a well-calibrated, simple-to-use ultrasound stimulation system for neuromodulation studies. It provides a single-element 650-kHz transducer design and a straightforward control mechanism, with extensive calibration and internal electronic monitoring to prevent unwanted over or under treatment. One goal of this approach is to relieve researchers of many of the details associated with developing their own exposure equipment. A unique transducer positioning system and distinctive MRI fiducial targets simplify alignment and targeting. The system design, control software, calibration, and alignment techniques are described in detail. Examples of transducer targeting and neurostimulation using the system are provided.

中文翻译：

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用于临床的低强度聚焦超声脉动（LIFUP）系统的设计，开发和操作

非侵入性低强度聚焦超声脉动（LIFUP）神经调节为研究和治疗大脑提供了独特的方法。这项工作描述了一种经过良好校准的，易于使用的超声刺激系统，用于神经调节研究。它提供了单元素650 kHz换能器设计和简单的控制机制，并具有广泛的校准和内部电子监控功能，以防止不必要的过高或欠佳处理。这种方法的一个目标是使研究人员摆脱与开发自己的曝光设备有关的许多细节。独特的换能器定位系统和独特的MRI基准目标简化了对准和瞄准。详细介绍了系统设计，控制软件，校准和对齐技术。