Navy beans contain bioactive phytochemicals with colon cancer prevention properties as demonstrated in carcinogen-induced animal models. Human studies support that dietary navy bean intake modulates metabolism by the gut microbiome. This study investigated the effect of navy bean ingestion on plasma and urine metabolite profiles of overweight and obese colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors. Twenty participants completed a single-blinded, randomized-controlled dietary intervention with pre-cooked navy beans (35g bean powder/day) or control (0g/day) for 4 weeks. Plasma and urine were collected at baseline, 2 weeks and 4 weeks following consumption. Non-targeted metabolomics was applied to study meals and snacks, navy beans, plasma, and urine. Increased navy bean consumption was hypothesized to a) delineate dietary biomarkers and b) promote metabolic shifts relevant for cancer protection in the plasma and urine metabolome. At 4 weeks, 16 plasma and 16 urine metabolites were significantly different in the navy bean intervention group compared to placebo-control (p< 0.05). Increased plasma 2,3-dihydroxy-2-methylbutyrate (1.34-fold), S-methylcysteine (1.92-fold), and pipecolate (3.89-fold), and urine S-adenosylhomocysteine (2.09-fold) and cysteine (1.60-fold) represent metabolites with cancer protective actions following navy bean consumption. Diet-derived metabolites were detected in plasma or urine and confirmed for presence in the navy bean intervention meals and snacks. These included 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, betaine, pipecolate, S-methylcysteine, choline, eicosapentaenoate (20:5n3), benzoate, S-adenosylhomocysteine, N-delta-acetylornithine, cysteine, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)lactate, gentisate, hippurate, 4-hydroxyhippurate, and salicylate. The navy bean dietary intervention for 4 weeks showed changes to pathways of metabolic importance to CRC prevention and merit continued attention for dietary modulation in future high-risk cohort investigations.

中文翻译：

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大肠癌幸存者饮食中海军豆摄入量增加对血浆和尿液代谢物的影响：一项随机对照试验

海军豆含有具有预防结肠癌特性的生物活性植物化学物质，如致癌物诱导的动物模型所示。人体研究支持饮食中的海军豆摄入可调节肠道微生物群的新陈代谢。本研究调查了摄入海军豆对超重和肥胖结直肠癌 (CRC) 幸存者血浆和尿液代谢物谱的影响。20 名参与者使用预煮的海军豆（35 克豆粉/天）或对照（0 克/天）完成了为期 4 周的单盲、随机对照饮食干预。在基线、食用后 2 周和 4 周收集血浆和尿液。非靶向代谢组学被应用于研究膳食和零食、海军豆、血浆和尿液。假设增加海军豆消费量是为了 a) 描绘饮食生物标志物和 b) 促进血浆和尿液代谢组中与癌症保护相关的代谢转变。在 4 周时，与安慰剂对照组相比，海军豆干预组的 16 种血浆和 16 种尿液代谢物有显着差异（p<0.05）。血浆 2,3-二羟基-2-甲基丁酸（1.34 倍）、S-甲基半胱氨酸（1.92 倍）和哌可酸（3.89 倍）和尿 S-腺苷高半胱氨酸（2.09 倍）和半胱氨酸（1.60 倍）增加) 代表食用海军豆后具有癌症保护作用的代谢物。在血浆或尿液中检测到饮食衍生的代谢物，并确认存在于海军豆干预餐和零食中。这些包括 3-(4-羟基苯基)丙酸盐、甜菜碱、哌可酸盐、S-甲基半胱氨酸、胆碱、二十碳五烯酸 (20:5n3)、苯甲酸、S-腺苷高半胱氨酸、N-δ-乙酰鸟氨酸、半胱氨酸、3-(4-羟基苯基)乳酸、龙胆酸、马尿酸、4-羟基马尿酸和水杨酸。为期 4 周的海军豆饮食干预显示出对预防 CRC 具有重要意义的代谢途径发生了变化，值得在未来的高风险队列研究中继续关注饮食调节。