The current challenge of corn (Zea mays L.) crops is to reach high yield to supply the world's demand for food, especially under different fertilization regimes and using the latest technology. We hypothesized that wavelengths and vegetation indices have a linear relationship with agronomic variables in corn. Our objectives were to verify the formation of super‐traits and to study the association between wavelengths and vegetation indices with agronomic traits in corn cultivated under high and low topdressing N. The experiments were carried out in two crop seasons using a randomized block design with three replicates in a factorial scheme (11 genotypes × 2 contrasting levels of N: low, 60 kg ha^–1 and high, 180 kg ha^–1). At full bloom, the spectral variables green (550 nm), red (660 nm), red‐edge (735 nm), and near‐infrared (790 nm) and the vegetation indices normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized difference red‐edge index (NDRE), green normalized difference vegetation index (GNDVI), and soil‐adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) were evaluated. Agronomic traits evaluated were leaf N, plant height, first pod height, stem diameter, cob length, rows per cob, grains per row, and grain yield. Results showed that SAVI, GNDVI, NDVI, and NDRE and red‐edge and red were associated with agronomic traits in corn. The association between the agronomic traits evaluated here can be used to estimate the leaf N content and corn yield.

中文翻译：

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玉米光谱和农艺性状的基因型×性状双谱图和典型相关性

玉米（Zea mays L.）作物当前面临的挑战是要达到高产以满足世界对粮食的需求，特别是在不同的施肥制度下并采用最新技术。我们假设波长和植被指数与玉米中的农学变量具有线性关系。我们的目的是验证超特征的形成，并研究在高和低追肥条件下种植的玉米的波长和植被指数与农艺性状之间的关系。该实验是在两个作物季节中使用随机区组设计进行的，其中三个以阶乘方式复制（11个基因型×2个相对水平的N：低，60 kg ha ^–1和高，180 kg ha ^–1）。盛开时，光谱变量绿色（550 nm），红色（660 nm），红边（735 nm）和近红外（790 nm）以及植被指数归一化差异植被指数（NDVI），归一化差异红色评估了边缘指数（NDRE），绿色归一化植被指数（GNDVI）和土壤调整植被指数（SAVI）。评价的农艺性状为叶片N，植物高度，第一荚果高度，茎直径，穗轴长度，每穗轴行数，每行谷粒和谷粒产量。结果表明，SAVI，GNDVI，NDVI和NDRE以及红边和红色与玉米的农艺性状有关。这里评估的农艺性状之间的关联可以用来估计叶片氮含量和玉米产量。