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Identifying the ‘Achilles heel’ of type 1 diabetes
Clinical & Experimental Immunology ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-24 , DOI: 10.1111/cei.13570 M Battaglia 1 , J H Buckner 2 , M K Levings 3 , S J Richardson 4 , F S Wong 5 , T I Tree 6, 7
Clinical & Experimental Immunology ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-24 , DOI: 10.1111/cei.13570 M Battaglia 1 , J H Buckner 2 , M K Levings 3 , S J Richardson 4 , F S Wong 5 , T I Tree 6, 7
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When Thetis dipped her son Achilles into the River Styx to make him immortal, she held him by the heel, which was not submerged, and thus created a weak spot that proved deadly for Achilles. Millennia later, Achilles heel is part of today’s lexicon meaning an area of weakness or a vulnerable spot that causes failure. Also implied is that an Achilles heel is often missed, forgotten or under‐appreciated until it is under attack, and then failure is fatal. Paris killed Achilles with an arrow ‘guided by the Gods’. Understanding the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in order to direct therapy for prevention and treatment is a major goal of research into T1D. At the International Congress of the Immunology of Diabetes Society, 2018, five leading experts were asked to present the case for a particular cell/element that could represent ‘the Achilles heel of T1D’. These included neutrophils, B cells, CD8+ T cells, regulatory CD4+ T cells, and enteroviruses, all of which have been proposed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Did a single entity emerge as ‘the’ Achilles heel of T1D? The arguments are summarized here, to make this case.
中文翻译：
识别 1 型糖尿病的“阿喀琉斯之踵”
当忒提斯将她的儿子阿喀琉斯浸入冥河以使他长生不老时，她抓住了他的脚后跟，他的脚跟没有被淹没，因此造成了一个对阿喀琉斯来说是致命的弱点。几千年后，阿喀琉斯之踵成为当今词汇的一部分，意思是导致失败的薄弱环节或脆弱点。还暗示了一个致命弱点经常被遗漏、遗忘或低估，直到它受到攻击，然后失败是致命的。帕里斯用“众神引导”的箭杀死了阿喀琉斯。了解 1 型糖尿病 (T1D) 的发病机制以指导治疗以进行预防和治疗是 T1D 研究的主要目标。在 2018 年国际糖尿病学会免疫学大会上，五位主要专家被要求介绍可能代表“T1D 的致命弱点”的特定细胞/元素的案例。这些包括中性粒细胞、B 细胞、CD8+ T 细胞、调节性 CD4 + T 细胞和肠道病毒，所有这些都被认为在 1 型糖尿病的发病机制中起重要作用。是否有一个实体成为 T1D 的“阿喀琉斯之踵”？为了说明这一点，这里总结了这些论点。
更新日期：2020-12-24
中文翻译：
识别 1 型糖尿病的“阿喀琉斯之踵”
当忒提斯将她的儿子阿喀琉斯浸入冥河以使他长生不老时，她抓住了他的脚后跟，他的脚跟没有被淹没，因此造成了一个对阿喀琉斯来说是致命的弱点。几千年后，阿喀琉斯之踵成为当今词汇的一部分，意思是导致失败的薄弱环节或脆弱点。还暗示了一个致命弱点经常被遗漏、遗忘或低估，直到它受到攻击，然后失败是致命的。帕里斯用“众神引导”的箭杀死了阿喀琉斯。了解 1 型糖尿病 (T1D) 的发病机制以指导治疗以进行预防和治疗是 T1D 研究的主要目标。在 2018 年国际糖尿病学会免疫学大会上，五位主要专家被要求介绍可能代表“T1D 的致命弱点”的特定细胞/元素的案例。这些包括中性粒细胞、B 细胞、CD8+ T 细胞、调节性 CD4 + T 细胞和肠道病毒，所有这些都被认为在 1 型糖尿病的发病机制中起重要作用。是否有一个实体成为 T1D 的“阿喀琉斯之踵”？为了说明这一点，这里总结了这些论点。
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