Non-typhoidal Salmonella is one of the most common causes of bacterial foodborne disease and consumption of contaminated poultry products, including turkey, is one source of exposure. Minimizing Salmonella colonization of commercial turkeys could decrease the incidence of Salmonella-associated human foodborne illness. Understanding host responses to these bacteria is critical in developing strategies to minimize colonization and reduce food safety risk. In this study, we evaluated bacterial load and blood leukocyte transcriptomic responses of 3-week-old turkeys challenged with the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) UK1 strain. Turkeys (n = 8/dose) were inoculated by oral gavage with 10⁸ or 10¹⁰ colony forming units (CFU) of S. Typhimurium UK1, and fecal shedding and tissue colonization were measured across multiple days post-inoculation (dpi). Fecal shedding was 1–2 log₁₀ higher in the 10¹⁰ CFU group than the 10⁸ CFU group, but both doses effectively colonized the crop, spleen, ileum, cecum, colon, bursa of Fabricius and cloaca without causing any detectable clinical signs in either group of birds. Blood leukocytes were isolated from a subset of the birds (n = 3–4/dpi) both pre-inoculation (0 dpi) and 2 dpi with 10¹⁰ CFU and their transcriptomic responses assayed by RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). At 2 dpi, 647 genes had significant differential expression (DE), including large increases in expression of immune genes such as CCAH221, IL4I1, LYZ, IL13RA2, IL22RA2, and ACOD1. IL1β was predicted as a major regulator of DE in the leukocytes, which was predicted to activate cell migration, phagocytosis and proliferation, and to impact the STAT3 and toll-like receptor pathways. These analyses revealed genes and pathways by which turkey blood leukocytes responded to the pathogen and can provide potential targets for developing intervention strategies or diagnostic assays to mitigate S. Typhimurium colonization in turkeys.

非伤寒沙门氏菌是细菌性食源性疾病的最常见原因之一，食用受污染的家禽产品（包括火鸡）是一种暴露源。尽量减少商业火鸡的沙门氏菌定植可以降低沙门氏菌相关的人类食源性疾病的发生率。了解宿主对这些细菌的反应，对于制定最小化定植并降低食品安全风险的策略至关重要。在这项研究中，我们评估与挑战3周龄的火鸡细菌负载和血常规白细胞转录反应沙门氏菌鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（小号。鼠伤寒沙门氏菌）UK1应变。火鸡（ñ= 8 /剂量）通过口服管饲法用10个接种⁸或10 ¹⁰菌落形成单位（CFU）小号。接种后数天（dpi）进行了鼠伤寒UK1的检测以及粪便脱落和组织定植。10 ¹⁰ CFU组的粪便脱落量比10 ⁸ CFU组高1-2 log ₁₀，但两种剂量均能有效地定植于农作物，脾脏，回肠，盲肠，结肠，法氏囊和法氏囊，而不会引起任何可检测的临床症状任何一组鸟。从家禽的一个子集（n = 3-4 / dpi）中分离出白血球，接种前（0 dpi）和2 dpi（10 ^10）CFU及其转录反应通过RNA测序（RNA-seq）分析。在2 dpi时，有647个基因具有显着的差异表达（DE），包括诸如CCAH221，IL4I1，LYZ，IL13RA2，IL22RA2和ACOD1等免疫基因的表达大量增加。IL1β被预测为白细胞中DE的主要调节剂，预计可激活细胞迁移，吞噬作用和增殖，并影响STAT3和toll样受体途径。这些分析揭示了土耳其血白细胞对病原体作出反应的基因和途径，可以为开发干预策略或诊断方法以减轻S病提供潜在的靶标。。土耳其的鼠伤寒菌定殖。